examines the functionality of an application without peering into its internal structures.
Specification-based testing.

testing of the functions of component or system is done. It refers to activities that verify a specific action or function of the code. Functional test tends to answer the questions like “can the user do this” or “does this particular feature work”. This is typically described in a requirements specification or in a functional specification.

the quality characteristics of the component or system is tested. Non-functional refers to aspects of the software that may not be related to a specific function or user action such as scalability or security. Eg. How many people can log in at once?

Combination of both - searching for any defects; A black-box tester is unaware of the internal structure of the application to be tested, while a white-box tester has access to the internal structure of the application. A gray-box tester partially knows the internal structure, which includes access to the documentation of internal data structures as well as the algorithms used

testing of the software work products manually, or with a set of tools, but they are not executedIt does not need computer as the testing of program is done without executing the program. For example: reviewing, walk through, inspection, etc..

sprawdzają czy aplikacja działa po modyfikacji eg. poprawieniu błędów

wykrycie błędów w interfejsach i interakcjach pomiędzy modułami

Testowanie na najniższym poziomie, podczas którego poszczególne metody (funkcje) testowane są pojedynczo, w oderwaniu od reszty aplikacji

celem nie jest wykrycie błędów, a jedynie uzyskanie formalnego potwierdzenia wykonania oprogramowania odpowiedniej jakości.

wykonywane na zewnątrz firmy produkujacej oprogramowanie