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ROLE & APPLICATION OF BIOINFORMATICS IN DRUG DISCOVERY (RECENT…
ROLE & APPLICATION OF BIOINFORMATICS IN DRUG DISCOVERY
RECENT TECHNIQUES
Bioinformatics in drug discovery includes Computer-aided drug design (CADD).
CADD methods are dependent on bioinformatics tools, applications and databases.
Bioinformatics techniques are used in two different phases of drug discovery
1) To extract interesting information
2) Find important genes and proteins speeding the process of drug discovery,
DRUG DISCOVERY
Discovery and development of a chemical compound to interact with that target.
Identification and validation of a disease target
DRUG TARGET IDENTIFICATION
Human genome sequence using bioinformatics has helped to define and classify the nucleotide compositions of those genes
The number of potential targets for drug discovery process is increasing exponentially
Bioinformatics is used to identify and analyze more and more biological drug targets; thus expected to greatly increase the breath of possible drugs.
SEQUENCE ANALYSIS
There are many bioinformatics analysis tools that can be used to determine the level of sequence similarity.
It is very useful to determine how species vary based on similarity or dissimilarity of gene structure or amino acid sequence in protein
DRUG TARGET VALIDATION
It is an area where bioinformatics plays a vital role. The possibility for failure in the clinical testing and approval phases can be moderated by drug target validation.
Bioinformatics also provides strategies and algorithm to predict new drug targets and to store and control available drug target information.
TIME TO MARKET
The predictive power of CADD can help drug research programs to choose only the most promising drug candidates.
The application of bioinformatics in drug discovery and development is expected to reduce annual cost of developing a new drug.A
HOMOLOGY MODELING
Bioinformatics software are used to predict the 3-D structure of target based on the known 3D structures of the templates.
DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY & BIOACTIVITY
Most drug candidates fail in phase III clinical trials after many years of research and expenditure of millions dollars
They can also be predicted in advance with bioinformatics software.