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the development (Late 19th and early 20th century (brain- the organ of the…
the development
Late 19th and early 20th century
Hughlings-Jackson's observation of recurrent patterns of epileptic seizures in patients
connections specific brain areas and body side.
theory of contralateral control (opposite-side)
evidence
fritsch and hitzig's experiments at dog
David Ferrier continues experiments on other species to find out whether the theory can be generalized
the method of ablation (surgical removal)
localized destruction
investigations beyond motor centers to included sensory centers
EX: vision and hearing
brain- the organ of the mind
primary investigation techniques employed include electrical stimulation or removal of specific brain areas
Theory of localization of function
Insight from psychology: sheperd Lvory Franz
challenged theory of localization of functions based on findings on study of experimental animals behaviors
training of animals in new habits after removal of brain part
frontal lobe
new habits lost but old ones retained
animals could relearn lost new habits
generalized to human
evidence shows that lost function can be recovered
brain= integrated whole
insight from psychology: karl lashley
theory of localization: oversimplified:argued instead that functons of every center dependent on its relation to rest of intract nervous system
based on findings from experiment with white rats which investigation their learning& intelligent
intelligence = global function because learning occur
relearn
proposed 2 principles to explain his conclusion
principles of Equipotentiality
part of the brain have the equal potential to fulfill the function of a damaged part
principles of mass action
a functional area of cortex is damaged, its ability to perform previously mastered complex functions may be lost in proportion to the extent of the injury.
late 18th and early 19th century
Gall
conclusion that structures and functions were related
structure of brain
people behavior
emergence of theory of localization
Broca's Area
Wernicke"s Area