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Product/service design (quality function deployment (QFD) (what attributes…

- - - - understanding the design factors: operations' performance objectives (quality, speed, cost) & volume of work that needs to go through the process and variety of outputs
        
        volume
        
        variety
        
        variation (in demand)
        
        visibility (for the customer)
      - process choice: how resources are organised & how the work flows
        
        project processes: complexity, long timescale, large scale, multi-disciplinary teams, low volume, dedicated resources
        
        jobbing processes: general-purpose equipment, skilled people switching from output to output
        
        batch processes: group of items produced at the same time
        
        mass processes
        
        continuous processes: 24h a day, very little downtime
        
        professional services: low output volume, higly customised
        
        service shops: variability in what customer wants, high volume, less variety
        
        mass services: high volumes, not much variation in the process
      - layout choice (facilities): how resources are grouped in general terms (specialised departments, , work flow between sections
        
        fixed position layout: outside the orgs facilities, field service (bringing resources to the customer),
        
        functional layout: resources classed in departments, skills & machinery in one place
        
        product layout: sequence processes in order to correlate them with one another (product-based layout, flow line)
        
        hybrid and mixed layouts: cell-based layout that combines features
      - detailed design: equipment quantity, how many people are there, task distribution