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B2: CELL DIVISION (Growth and Differentiation (In plants, cells can…
B2: CELL DIVISION
Cell Division
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During the cell cycle the genetic material is doubled. It then divides into two identical nuclei in a process called mitosis
In the body, chromosomes are found in pairs
Mitosis
Mitosis a method of cell division, in which the nucleus divides into daughter nuclei, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus
The metaphase is the second stage of mitosis during which the condensed chromosomes attach to the centre of the spindle
The anaphase is the third stage of mitosis, during which the chromasones separate and migrate towards opposite ends of the spindle
The prophase is the first stage of mitosis, during which the nuclear membrane disappears and the nuclear material separates itself into chromosomes
The telophase is the final stage of mitosis, during which a set of chromosomes is at each end of the cell and a membrane forms around each, producing two new cells
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Stem Cells
Treatment with stem cells may be able to help conditions such as paralysis, macular degeneration or diabetes
Stem cells from plant meristems are used to produce new plant clones quickly and economically for research, horticulture and agriculture
Embryonic stem cells (from human embryos) and adult stem cells (from adult bone marrow) can be cloned and made to differentiate into many different types of cells
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