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PE: Component 1 (Applied anatomy and physiology (Functions of skeleton:…
PE: Component 1
Applied anatomy and physiology
Functions of skeleton:
Protection of vital organs
Muscle attachment
Joints for movement
Storing calcium and phosphorus
Red and white blood cell production
Classification of bones
Long Bones
Long and wide. All bones except wrist, ankles and kneecap
Short Bones
Almost the same size, width and thickness. Eg; Carpals and tarsals
Flat Bones
Protects organs and good surface area for muscles to attach to. eg; Ribs, Scapula, Patella, Cranium, Sternum, Clavicle and the Hip bones
Irregular Bones
Odd shapes and perform specific functions
Structure of the skeleton
Classification of joints
Pivot joint
Allows bones to rotate. You have 3 pivot joints; Wrist, Elbow, Neck
Hinge joint
Only allows backwards and forwards movement. There are hinge joints; Knee, Elbow, Ankle
Ball and socket joint
Hip and shoulder joints
Condyloid joint
Ball rests on the end of the bone instead of a socket. This allows circular motion. Eg: Wrist
Vertebral Column
Cervical Vertebrate
7 Discs. Allows variety of movement
Thoracic Vertebrate
12 Discs, 10 of of which raise a pair of ribs when you breath
Lumbar Vertebrate
5 discs. Made to give you more mobility
Sacral Vertebrate
5 discs. Fused to make hip bones
Coccygeal Vertebrate
4 discs
Movement analysis
Physical training
