Nielsen company's ratings talked about 'Attractive audiences'
Late 1990s network executives took pains to convince advertisers that they were developing systematic survey and program-analyzing techniques to guide the choice of shows as well as tactics such as 'least objectionable programs', lead-ins, lead-outs and hammocking to array the programs for optimal audience flow
The arrival of TiVo threatened to upend the routines of predictable scheduling and advertising placement that had become the verities upon which commercial US TV was based.
Moreover, the explosion of channels to the consumer via the web, cable TV, satellite TV, and handheld media, with their transformation from analogue to digital, led advertisers to question longstanding ways to reach audience