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Bacteria introduction (Prokaryotes (Cell wall (Gram +ve (Retains crystal…
Bacteria introduction
Prokaryotes
No contained genetic information
No nucleus
No Mitochondria/ Chloroplasts
Adv. size
Diffusion rate v. fast into/out cell
Large SA:Vol
Higher growth rate
Evolve faster
Cell wall
Peptidoglycan
Flagella
Motility
Pili
Gram +ve
Retains crystal violet-iodine complex
Blue colouration
Thick peptidoglycan layer
Gram -ve
Pink Colouration
Periplasmic space
Pepetidoglycan
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Smaller than Eukaryotic Ribs.
Enzymes
Regulatory enzymes
Protein synthesis
Cell membranes
Selectively permeable
PM Protein functions
Transport nutrients
E Generation
Secretion
San Of Pepetidoglycan
Cell surface structures
Flagella
Motility
Straight
Tumbling
Chmeotaxis
Serotyping
For Classification
Fimbriae + Pili
Attachment to surfaces
Environment
Virilence
Sex. Repro.
Allow transference of plasmids
Plasmids give special abilities
Hair-like structures on surface Bacteria
Outer membrane prots.
Enable adhesion
Capsules + slime layers
Adherance
Types bacteria
Acid-fast Organisms
Dont stain well
Impedes entry of nutrients
Slow growing
Peptidoglycan + Lipids in cell wall
Mycoplasmas
NO cell wall
No Pepetidoglycan
Penicillin has no effect
Lipopolysaccaride
Endotoxin
Released after death
Pyrogenic
Taxonomy
Phenotypic
Cell morphology
Sprial Bacili
Oxygen requirements
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Microaerophillic
Culture properties
Conditions required for growth
Colonial Morphology
Bioichemical reactions
Stains
Gram +ve
Gram -ve
Acid - fasting
Genotypic
DNA based
Genomic content
G + C
DNA-DNA hybridisation
Phylogenic analyses
Ribosomal rRNA sequences
MLST
Whole genome
Horizontal gene transfer