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Chapter 5: Atomic Structure (Isotopes (2 types (Radioactive (Produce…
Chapter 5: Atomic Structure
Sub-atomic particles
Proton :heavy_plus_sign:
symbol (p)
relative mass (1)
relative charge (+1)
Neutron
symbol (n)
relative mass (1)
relative charge (0)
Electron :heavy_minus_sign:
symbol (e)
relative mass (1/1840)
relative charge (-1)
Atom is
electrically neutral
No. of
protons
and
neutrons
are
equal
and charges are
cancelled out
Isotopes
:star: Atoms of the
same
element with
different
number of neutron
Different
mass
Form compound with
same
chemical formula
Slight
difference in physical properties
2 types
Radioactive
Produce
harmful
radiation
Non-radioactive
Periodic Table
Period
Left to right
Arranged in order of
proton number
Group
Up to down
Arranged in order of
SAME
number of
valence
electron
:sparkles:Special group
Group 0
Noble gas
Eg. Helium, Neon etc.
Noble gas has
very stable
electronic arrangement
DO NOT
need to lose or gain electron
FULL
valence shell
VERY
unreactive
Ions
:star: Charged particles
Positive
Formed when
losing
electrons
Number of electrons
LESS THAN
protons
Metals (Grp I, II, III)
Negative
Formed when
gaining
electrons
Number of electrons
MORE THAN
protons
Non-metals