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8.3 Segregation and Discrimination (African Americans fight legal…
8.3 Segregation and Discrimination
African Americans fight legal discrimination
Ida B Wells
Newspaper editor in Memphis in 1880
Witnessed lynching
Fought for racial justice
Voting restrictions
Literacy test
Poll tax
Grandfather clause
Jim Crow Laws
Segregation laws passed by southern states
Schools
Hospitals
Parks
Transportation Systems
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Supreme Court case testing segregation laws
Doctrine of separate but equal
Legalized racism
Turn of the Century Race Relations
Racial Etiquette
Blacks and whites never shook hands
Blacks yielded the sidewalk to whites
Blacks removed their hats for whites
Washington vs. Du Bois
Washington wanted a gradual approach to racial equality
Du Bois demanded full social and economic equality
Violence
Blacks who violated racial etiquette were sometimes lynched
1,400 blacks were killed without trial between 1882 and 1892
Discrimination in the North
Segregation and discrimination existed in the North too
Discrimination in the West
Mexican Workers
Worked for less money than other ethnic groups
Debt Peonage - slavery
Declared illegal in 1911 by Supreme Court
Excluding the Chinese - 100,000 immigrants by 1880
