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Studies for CDS (Dads use 'adult tone' not baby talk (Mothers more…
Studies for CDS
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Kaluli Tribe
Schieffelin & Ochs (1983)
Describe the Kaluli tribe of Papua New Guinea who do not typically employ infant-directed speech.
Language acquisition in Kaluli children was not found to be significantly impaired.
In other societies, it is more common to speak to children as one would to an adult, but with simplifications in grammar and vocabulary, with the belief that it will help them learn words as they are known in the standard form.
Kaluli tribe do not use specific CDS and yet the children do not experience late or impaired language acquisition as a result
Ratner (1988)
A study of eight families with children ranging from one-and-a-half to two months old and having vocabularies of 15-100 words. Parents were recruited within a university community and were speakers of standard American English. The authors cite a lack of research on fathers' speech to language-learners.
Fathers produced more low-frequency nouns, and mother produced more ultra-high-frequency nouns. Results for a middle category, high frequency nouns, were mixed; the mean of all dyads showed essentially identical usage for both genders.
Several of the measured differences were insignificant. Fathers exhibited slightly more diverse word selection, and mothers tended to repeat words more than fathers. There was also a slight tendency for parents to use more low-frequency nouns when addressing boys.