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Projectile motion (Factors affecting flight paths of different projectiles…
Projectile motion
Factors affecting flight paths of different projectiles
Weight
Air resistance
These factors determine whether the flight path of a projectile will be in parabola or distorted
Parabola: uniform curve which is symmetrical at its peak
Projectiles with high weight and low air resistance will follow a parabolic path
Longer a flight path, the longer air resistance will have an effect
Low mass projectiles air resistance can pose a greater effect causing a distorted parabola
Vector components of a parabolic flight
Horizontal component
This is the horizontal motion of a projectile
Vertical component
The upward motion of a projectile
Initial velocity of a parabolic flight is both vertical and horizontal
Larger the arrow greater the magnitude (size)
Vertical component only affected when on a parabolic flight
Bernoulli effect on race cars
Spoiler is angled to create downforce (increasing air pressure on top of the car)
Air over the top moves a shorter distance due to angle of spoiler than underneath
Bernoulli principle is where air molecules exert less pressure the faster they travel (more pressure slower movement)
Results in air velocity over car being slower creating a higher pressure
high pressure above the car causes downward lift allowing the tyres to maintain a firm grip
Factors affecting horizontal displacement of a projectile
Speed of release
e.g. shot put shuffle / rotation ensures maximal horizontal displacement through release velocity
Greater the release velocity = more horizontal displacement
Height of release
Greater release of height increases horizontal displacement
Gravity constantly acts on the projectile so in order to gain maximal horizontal displacement should release the projectile at maximal height
Angle of release
If release height is< landing height 45< angle of release
If release height is> landing height 45> angle of release
Optimum angle of release is dependant on release height and landing height ( if = 45 degrees is the optimum)
Using the optimum angle allows more speed to be developed when releasing a projectile