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CDS Articles (Talking directly to toddlers strengthens their language…
CDS Articles
Talking directly to toddlers strengthens their language skills, Stanford research shows
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It is said, the lower socioeconomic status one has, the smaller vocabulary and less language development the child endures.
However, even within low-SES groups, there were substantial differences among children's language outcomes in regards to parents verbal engagement.
SES does not determine the quality of the children's language as parents who still engaged with their children had better language development
The researchers believe this is due to an adult's lack of confidence because they hadn't received much education themselves.
What was the study?
Adriana Weisleder and Anne Fernald thought most research on language development was artificial. So, they enrolled 29 children (19 months) from low-income Latino families and placed a small audio recorder on the baby.
What were some findings from the recordings?
Some toddlers heard more than 12,000 words of child-directed speech, while another heard only 670.
The follow-up study
Five months later they conducted a similar study and found children who experienced more child-directed speech had larger vocabularies by 24 months.
"A 10-hour recording of interaction at home gives us a more natural, representative sample of each child's daily language exposure."
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Leaper, Anderson and Sanders (1998)
What did they do?
Carried out a meta-analysis of the effect of parent’s gender on parental use of language.
Compared mothers' interactions with daughters versus with sons in the amount of talking, supportive speech, and directive speech.
Compared mothers and fathers in the amount of talking, supportive speech, negative speech, directive speech, informing speech, questions and requests.
What did they find?
Mothers tend to talk more, use more supportive and negative speech but are less direct. They use a socioemotional style of language.
Fathers use non-instrumental language.
Mothers tend to talk more and use more supportive speech with daughters than with sons.