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Gene Regulation (Eukaryotic Gene Regulation ((TATA box (Transcription…
Gene Regulation
Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
TATA box
Transcription Factors
RNA Polymerase
Enhancer/ enhancer region
Promoter
Genes (DNA)
Before transcription
Histone acetylation
Histones + acetyl groups = loose chromatin
allows transcription
DNA methylation
DNA + methyl groups = TIGHTLY coiled chromatin
prevents transcription
Control Elements
Repressors and Silencers
stops or slows down transcription
Activators
DNA- bending proteins push transcription factors closer to promoter
speeds up transcription
During translation
alternative RNA splicing
Introns are cut out of mRNA
exons are left
Differentiation
genes are turned "on" or "off"
Differential Gene Expression
Prokaryotic Gene Regulation
Operon
Operator
Promoter
genes (DNA)
RNA Polymerase
Inducible Operon
Lac Operon
Repressor + inducer= transcription turns "on"
this happens when lactose enters your body and you have to start creating lactase again to break it down.
Transcription is normally turned "off"
This is reversible
Repressible Operon
Tryp Operon
transcription is normally "on"
An inactive repressor + corepressor= active repressor
active repressor binds to operator
Transcription turns "off"
This happens when tryptophan enters your body (when you eat) and you no longer need to create tryptophan being made by transcription
mRNA is created
reversible