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B2-Organisation (Digestion (The process of decomposing organic matter…
B2-Organisation
Digestion
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The food we eat has to be broken down into other substances that our bodies can use.
Digestion happens in the digestive system, which begins at the mouth and ends at the anus.
Different things happen to food as it passes through the digestive system:
-food is digested in the mouth, stomach and small intestine
-digested food is absorbed into the bloodstream in the small intestine
-excess water is absorbed back into the body in the large intestine
-any undigested food passes out of the anus as faeces when we go to the toilet
After we swallow, our food passes through these organs in turn:
-oesophagus
-stomach
-small intestine
-large intestine
food tests
Lipids
Lipids are detected using the emulsion test. This is what happens:
1.the test substance is mixed with 2 cm3 of ethanol
2.an equal volume of distilled water is added
3.a milky-white emulsion forms if the test substance contains lipids
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Proteins
Proteins are detected using Biuret reagent. This turns a mauve or purple colour when mixed with protein.
circulatory system
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The pulmonary circuit carries blood to the lungs to be oxygenated and then back to the heart.
The systemic circuit carries blood around the body to deliver the oxygen and returns de-oxygenated blood to the heart.
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Cardiovascular Disease
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Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack).
transpiration
Transpiration is the process where plants absorb water through the roots and then give off water vapor through pores in their leaves
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translocation
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Nutrients are translocated from regions of excess carbohydrates to regions where the carbohydrate is needed.
Enzymes
Biological catalysts which speed up chemical reactions, but remain unchanged themselves