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Chemistry Assessment Monday 20th November (Elements, Mixtures and…
Chemistry Assessment Monday 20th November
Particles
A
cold
state has a
low
amount of energy
A
warm
state has a
high
amount of energy
Particles in
solids
; fixed shape and volume, high density can't be squashed, do not flow, are close together and do not move at all.
Particles in
liquids
; fit to the container, fixed volume, less dense than solids, flow easily, difficult to squash, close together and can move past each other
Particles in
gases
; no fixed shape or volume, very low density, squash and flow very easily, spread out and can move around
Physical
changes can be
reversed
; i.e. states of water
Chemical
changes are
irreversible
; i.e. burning wood
When we feel cold it is because we are losing heat energy
Copper Crystal Experiment
Thermal decomposition
: the process of breaking up a solution with heat
Acid and Base Reaction
: a reaction that splits water from an acid
Balancing Equations
: Count the number of atoms on each side and balance them in the order of; Odd Numbers, Compounds and then Elements.
Displacement Reactions
Displacement
: Replacing a less reactive metal with a more reactive one.
Elements, Mixtures and Compounds
Elements
only have
one
type of
atom
and a
universal
boiling point; i.e. Lithium
Compound
have
two
or more types of
atoms
and have a consistent
boiling
point.
Bonded
together; i.e. water
Mixture
, a mix of different
elements
and
compounds
.
Different boiling
points
Pure
substance; stuff made from only
one
type of
element
or
compound
Filtration
separating an insoluble solid from a liquid
Filtration
Chromatography
Distillation
Mixture separation techniques;
Distillation
separating a liquid from a solution
Chromatography
separation dissolved colours in substances
Magnetism
separates a magnetic and non-magnetic material
Evaporation
separates a soluble solid from a liquid
Balancing equations
Molecule
: two atoms joined together
Subscript
: tell us the number of a particular atom: H₂O
Coefficients
:Tell us the number of molecules that we have: 2H₂O
Reactants are on the left, products are on the right
Word equations have limited use as they do not tell us the quantities
Solve in the order of
: Odd Numbers; compounds
then
Elements
Catalysts
remember
: They are not used up in the reaction, only small amounts are needed, Different amounts are needed for different reactions.
Catalysts use a lower energy route to do the same work, yet they can be expensive.
Catalysts
: something that speeds up a reaction
