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Chapter 29 Organic and Sculptural Modern Melinda Cardenas FCS 410…
Chapter 29
Organic and Sculptural Modern
Melinda Cardenas
FCS 410
Design Concepts
Organic and sculptural modern architecture is a philosophy of architecture which promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world. The design approaches that aim to be sympathetic and well-integrated with a site, so buildings, furnishings, and surroundings become part of a unified and whole composition.
This style moves away from geometry and hard edges and focuses more on asymmetrical, expressionistic designs that are still dependent upon functionalism and mass production. This functionalism, however, emphasizes human needs and the human body.
Common motifs include amoeboid and kidney shapes, spheres, parabolas, atoms, molecules, rockets, satellites, flying saucers, abstracted and stylized fruit, flowers, plants, and objects of daily life.
Historical and Social
Thriving economies demanded more buildings and corresponding need for furnishings, both residential and non residential. Consumerism increases, and fashion begins to drive design more than ever before as manufacturers create new products in the latest designs that to satisfy the buying public. Television replaces radio as the medium of information and programs center on idealized middle-class families who live in perfect houses, raise model children, and own all the latest appliances.
A youth culture develops as teenagers embrace the new music of rock and roll. Within all the change going on in the surrounding environments, organic and sculptural design emerges into the international movement.
The movement derived its characteristics from abstracted curvilinear shapes, undulating lines, and bright colors from avant-garde painters and sculptors of the early 20th century. Amoeboid and asymmetrical curving shapes translate easily into interiors and decorative arts, including furniture and textiles.
Frank Lloyd Wright was an early advocate for implementing organic and sculptural modern designs. He used his ideas in architecture, interiors, and furnishings.
Schools in the United States experiment with biomorphic and organic forms before the war. The Cranbook Academy of Art in Michigan was one school that implemented these ideas. This school was also on of the first schools to adopt the European/Bauhaus model for art and design education. Influential artists, designers, and artisans collaborate with the students and each other. Students are then able to learn by observation, conversation, and doing.
Interiors
Furnishings and decorative arts convey some of the best representations of the abstract, biomorphic, and sculptural character. Organic furniture is often of new materials in fluid or free-form shapes that suit the human frame.
Natural light penetrates through ceiling crevices
-Sculptural concrete surfaces fuse roof walls, and floor.
-Y-shaped columns are often used to show organic influences.
-Sculptural stairs are common
-Multiple level changes
-Sculptural desk areas are used
Interior, TWA terminal; New York City
Architecture
Organic and Structural modern architecture is also translated into the all inclusive nature of Frank Lloyd Wright's design process. Materials, motifs, and basic ordering principles continue to repeat themselves throughout the building as a whole. The idea of organic architecture refers not only to the buildings' literal relationship to the natural surroundings, but how the buildings' design is carefully thought about as if it were a unified organism.
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Geometries throughout Wright's buildings build a central mood and theme. Essentially organic architecture is also the literal design of every element of a building: From the windows, to the floors, to the individual chairs intended to fill the space. Everything relates to one another, reflecting the symbiotic ordering systems of nature
