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DRUG PROTOTYPES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES - ATROPINE (Amprotropine (Pethidine…
DRUG PROTOTYPES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES - ATROPINE
Homotropine/homatropine
Tropine + mandelic acid
Faster action but not as potent as atropine
Advantage: not paralysing the eye muscle for several days
Amprotropine
Spasmolytic in gut
Less potent with regard to antisecretory
Pethidine (meperidine)
Rapid onset of analgesia and shorter duration of action
Used during childbirth - does not depress respiration of the baby
Diphenoxxylate
does not have analgesic effect - due to rapid metabolism in liver
Cause constipation similar to morphine - use in control
acute diarrhoea
without causing morphine addiction
Prolong action by
formulating together wit atropine
-delayed absorption from gut
Phenoperidine
Injection as analgesic
Haloperidol
Most potent tranquiliser
Pimozide
Control of apathetic and withdrawn schizophrenic patients
Domperidone
Anti-emetic for cancer chemotherapy
Fentanyl
:red_flag:
500x more potent than morphine due to high lipophilicity
μ-receptor agonist - mediate analgesia,euphoria,respiratory and physical depression
Alfentanil
Potent μ-receptor agonist
Fastest onset and shorter duration of any opioid
Analgesic during brief operations and outpatient surgery
Methadone
Antispasmodic
Analgesic - less sedation and respiratory depression compared to morphine
Addictive
Long-acting due to slow metabolic deactivation -
morphine substitutes for addicts
Dipipanone
Analgesic for terminal pain
Longer duration of action than morphine but shorter than methadone
Propantheline
Treat
GI spasm
Previously used to treat
urinary incontinence
Poldine methylsulphate
Treat
GI spasm
Benzhexol
Treat
Parkinson's disease
Procyclidine
Second line drug for treating Parkinson's disease
Atropine methonitrate
quaternary salt of atropine - also used as
mydriatic
Polar - less penetration into CNS
Treating
pyloric spasm among infants
Ipratropium bromide
Short-acting bronchodilator for asthma
Do not cross BBB
