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Egyptian Social Structure By:Natalie Aparicio PER:6 (Artisans (Types of…
Egyptian Social Structure By:Natalie Aparicio PER:6
Government Officials
Highest class after the pharaoh
pharaoh’s family or upper-class families
The vizier
kind of chief judge
was fair and neutral,
advice about being impartial
people wearing white
The chief treasurer
Had government’s wealth
Duty
Collect taxes
people paided taxes with
Cloth
Silver
Cows
Grain
The General of the Armies
commander in Egypt was the general
helped make alliances
advised the pharaoh's
war
national security
protect Egypt’s borders from invaders
Lives of Luxury
nobles
fine homes
a lot of time socialize
great wealth and health
lengthy blessings
The lavish banquets
Had grand lifestyles
Feast
Sat on cushions
roast duck, goose, pigeon, quail, antelope, sheep, and goat
Had musicians, dancers, and acrobats provided entertainment
They played with flutes, harps, rattles, and lutes
Dishes
special delicacies
Had figs, dates, grapes, and coconuts
Guests at banquets
linen clothing
Men and woman wore perfumes
Woman wore ropes of beads as jewelry
Did their nails, lined their eyes with makeup, and used lipstick.
Scribes
Scribe Schools
were run by priests that were the teachers
strict and often treated their students harshly
punished students for being lazy or for not paying attention
students came from artisan or merchant families
kid had to memorize over 700 hieroglyphs
they had 4 years copying the signs again and again
wrote it on pieces of wood, flakes of stone, and even broken bits of pottery
few boys came from the peasant classes
schooling started around the age of 5
spent 12 years or more learning
about hieroglyphs[ symbols]
to find what the symbols meant it complicated
The Work of the Scribes
records
accounts of the grain and food supply
wrote down the results of the government census
scribes
calculated and collected taxes
use the same tools like for pens, a scribe used finely sharpened reeds.
paper so they used a sheet of papyrus laid on a writing tablet.
tablets were made of wood or stone
tablets contained two wells, one for black ink and one for red ink
carried his tools everywhere
tablet hung on his shoulder
Attached to the tablet were leather bags and cases that held his other tools and they carry rolls of papyrus
the strips that Egyptians made were soaked in water for several days
then they were soft and they were laid out in a crisscross pattern
after that leather was pressed together with 2 sheets of cloth
1 more item...
Legal scribes
record court cases and helped enforce laws
Military scribes
track of army soldiers, food supply and the # of of enemies killed in battle
were one level below priests
official writers and record keepers
highly respected and well paid and some work for the government
sometimes work foe priests or nobles
Artisans
Types of Artisans
metalworkers
painters
paint Egyptians daily life
leather workers
potters
jewelers
sculptors
carpenters
weavers
Carvers
work with hard rock called granite
they use another rock called dolerite
to pound out an initial shape
then carved in details with stone tools
then quartz sand to smooth and polish the object, then painted it
make beautiful objects like stunning jewelry and elegant furniture
some artisans are men
woman artisans
beaded clothing
make perfume
wove fabric
skilled laborers
became masters at their craft
had higher classes
made beautiful art objects
The Daily Life and Work of Artisans
works in the lower middle of society
lived in modest homes
there houses were rectangular and barely 10 yards long
3 rooms front and back
first rooms was a workroom or used for pets
second rooms were the living room
third rooms were was the kitchen and a bedroom
worked in big workshops
worked for 10 day then break
the had problems because of food
skilled artisans
they were stone carvers
they made statues ,engravings, reliefs found in Egyptian temples, tombs, and monuments
stone carvers
had a role in tomb building
inspired Egyptians to get tombs for themselves
helped equip the tombs with artwork
the artwork included statues of the deceased,
highly detailed wall engravings
stone coffins
they honor and preserve the dead
it is demanding and time consuming work
had artwork the covered
temples
royal tombs
and other monuments
worked in groups
paintings
engravings
hieroglyphics
upper class of artisans
viewed more than common laborers
talented artists signed their work
Slaves
Egyptians acquired slaves as prisoners-of-war
worked in the homes of the nobles
worked in the temples
worked in the royal palace
mined
quarried stone
precious materials
there were myths that slaves built the pyramids of Giza and they might be real
the information people don't know if there were slaves when the pyramids were built
slaves of the royal families were in high regard
they educated and used for their knowledge of accounting and writing
slaves that were servants cared for the royal families,
took care of the children, cooked, dressed them and cleaned for them
Peasants
The Three Seasons of the Nile
revolved around the Nile River
three seasons
planting season
in october
sowed their fields with seeds
the bigger crops were wheat and barley
harvest season
in march
men cut down the plants with sickles
women and children gathered the tall stalks of grain
people work to dusk - dawn
people would sing foe the hours to a fast
musicians played while they sang
flooding season
June - September
Nile overran its banks and fertilized the fields
farmers wait for the waters to go down before they could work the fields
while they waited they worked on projects that were, building pyramids and temples
The Daily Lives of Peasants
living in plain houses built with mud bricks
furniture was sparse, and woven mats.
had a diet
cucumbers
onions
fish
homemade bread
lentils
Peas
sometimes ate meat and plants
fewest comforts of the social classes
Men enjoyed a river game that involved knocking each other off papyrus rafts
after harvest season gather up any leftover grain and keep it for food
pay taxes in the form of crops.
made low and high classes
they might have unskilled laborers
depended on their work
grew crops and saved food
when they are not busy they help build monuments
they worked in pairs in the sow fields
Priests
powerful and highly respected in society
The Duties of Priests
The High Priest
advised the pharaoh and oversaw all religious ceremonies
Temple priests
in charge of the temples scattered throughout Egypt
take care of his temple’s special god in a variety of ways
Other priests
handled more common concerns, requests, gave advice and performed healings.
take care of a statue called a Temples God
He had to cleanse his body by bathing in holy pools, three or four times a day he could enter the sanctuary
Also he had to get rid of his body hair
Also wear clothes made of linen cloth, because animal products like leather and wool were considered unclean
Woman priests
equal to male priests
duty was to oversee temples that were devoted to music and dancing.
The Priests’ Role in Burial Practices
They believed in a life after death
That their spirits are still alive
The embalming process is to preserve bodies from decay
1 took out organs
2 put in jars and they died out be a special salt called natron
3 in 70 days they washed and oiled the body
4 they wrapped the body around with hundreds of yards of linen and put jewelry around they body
5 at the end they spread a black, gooey gum over the body and wrapped it a final time.
Made mummys
1 it was placed in a wooden box
2 stored inside a large stone coffin called a sarcophagus
3 they buried other items along with the box or coffin text
included food
included drinks
included furniture
included statues
included jewelry
included gold
included clothes
included games and mirrors