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CONTROL OF NOBILITY (Background (Henry depended on them to maintain law…
CONTROL OF NOBILITY
Background
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Henry was fortunate that a series of deaths in the 1480s an d a decisive win at BoB had left many key families headed by children
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Attacks on Retaining
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What was it?
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However in reality they were a gang of enforcers used to pressurise those who were slow to pay rent or to influence people to get what their master wanted
Henry was afraid these large numbers of men would be used to rebel against him and regarded them as a lawless element
Attainders
What was it?
Special laws passed by parliament that allowed Henry to declare someone guilty of treason with no trial
Their land, wealth and titles could then be seized
What did Henry do?
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He used them to seize the titles and possessions of those he suspected to be disloyal. In his first parliament he passed attainders against all those who had opposed in the BoB
However Henry was prepared to reverse them and restore lands and titles of he believed it would secure their loyalty
Patronage
What was it?
The granting of lands, titles and special favours by Henry
What did Henry do?
He passed some grants at the beginning of his reign but was cautious not to create a group of nobles who would rise to become a potential threat
The result of this was that the number of nobles fell by about 1/4 during his reign, due to death and attainders
Vacant lands absorbed into Henry's personal domains, so largest landowner in the country
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Financial controls
What was it?
Henry demanded large amounts of money from individuals/families, he then would allow them to pay it back slowly
HOwever this placed them in debt to the crown, ensuring their loyalty
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What did Henry do?
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He convicted Lord Burgavenny of illegally retaining 471 men and fined £70 000. Paying this would ruin him, so Henry agreed for him to pay £5000 over 10 years
This meant Henry raised money from someone he didn't trust and obliged him to keep in the King's favour or risk ruin
Another example is Katherine Dowager, Duchess of Buckingham who was fined £7000 for marrying without the King's license in 1496