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Unit 7 (Poetry and Music (Early Romantic Lied/Art Song (Franz …
Unit 7
Poetry and Music
The French Chanson & the
Italian Madrigal
Social songs
social part songs
separate musical lines combined to whole
Typically monophonic
Word painting
Music reflects the meaning of the words
Printing/ Literacy
Only few could read & write
Johannes Gutenberg & the printing press
Petrucci developed
polyphonic music printing
Began expensive but soon became cheaper
Jacques
Arcadelt
Il bianco e dolce cigno ( Lg 5.)
Homorthym
Some word painting
Double meanings
Death/ sexual innuendo
Chamber music one per part
English Madrigal
English composers developed Italian
madrigal into a native art form
Late sixteenth century
Some serious some humorous
John Farmer
Fair Phyllis (Lg 6.)
Pastoral text
word painting
Social music
Form : ababcc
Early Romantic
Lied/Art Song
Art Song, Lied
texted song with piano accompaniment
German
Preexisting poetry
Goethe, Heine
beauty of nature
Song cycle
groups of lieder unified by narrative thread
Characteristics
Words carry meaning
Carries intensity
Designed for amateurs and professionals
Song Structure
Strophic
No repetitions of whole sections
Modified strophic
Franz Schubert
Born- Vienna
Recognized as a teen
Career built around performances in peoples homes
Works classical in nature
Songs / Lieder are wholly romantic
600 + neighbor
Elfking (Lg 26)
Story by Goethe
Piano sets the mood
4 Characters sung by same soloist
Through- composed
Robert
Schumann
Born in Germany
Hurt hand turned to composition / being a critic
Married composer Clara
Wieck
A Poet’s Love
16 poems by Heinrich Heine
Movement through love to dispair
First song -- In the Lovely Month of May
(Lg27)
Two strophes
No resolution
wistful piano
Chapter 46/ 53 ( Music and Art : Ballet)
Ballet
Attached to operas
Synchronized to music
Marius pepita- famous choreographer
18th century- opera independent from opera
Renaissance court festivals
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Born in Russia
Taught at Moscow Conservatory
appealed to western tastes
Supported by: Nadezhda von Meck
Nutcracker 1892
Orchestra suite came after ballet
Dance of sugar plum fairy (LG 37)
Trepak (LG 37)
giant of late nineteenth-century
Russian ballet
Nutcracker, sleeping beauty
Igor Stravinsky
The Firebird, Petrushka, and
The Rite of Spring
To Switzerland then to France
Styles: Impressionism , Primitivism , Neo- Classicalism , Twelve tone
The Rite of
SpringInnovative
Primitivism
Dissonance
Large loud orchestra
Minimized harmonic change
Ostinatos
Pedal Points
Repitition
Unpredictable/ Violent
Chapter 49 Visual
Impressionism
Captured first impressions
Continuous change
Painters
Monet , Degas , Renoir
Symbolist poets sought abstraction
Some composers were influenced by the movement
Experimentation with subtlety and ambiguity
Blending timbres
veiled sounds
Spread of nationalism
In music
Modal, Chromatic, Whole tone, Pentatonic
Scales
Sometimes dark and muted
Free rthym
programatic
9 chords
Claude Debussy
French
True impressionist
Interested in non western scales
Opera Pelléas and Mélisande
Made him famous
Debussy’s Prelude to “The Afternoon of a Faun” (LG 40)
Raw sensuality
Fluid
Rhapsodic
Inspired by Mallarme
Novel tone and chords