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Blood vessels and Circulation (Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation…
Blood vessels and Circulation
Systemic and Pulmonary Circulation
Pulmonary Circulation & Systemic Circulation
Deoxygenated is pumped out of the right ventricle into a right pulmonary artery
This vessel bifurcates into left and right pulmonary arteries
Step 1 - right atrium
step 2- right Av valve into the right ventricle
step 3- pulmonary AV valve --> pulmonary trunk
Step 4- pulmonary arteries ( left and right)
Step 5- pulmonary arterioles
Step 6- Gas exchange occurs in pulmonary capillaries
Oxygenated blood is transported from the lungs
Step 7- Pulmonary venules
Step 8- pulmonary veins
Step 9- Left Atria
Step 9- Mitral valve--> Left ventricle
Step 10- Aortic semilunar valve---> Aorta back to deliver Oxygenated blood to systemic cells
Pulmonary Circulation
Between the Heart and the lungs
AT lung Capillary gas exchange occurs O2 is picked up and CO2 is diffused against its concentration gradient.
The blood then enters the left side of the heart to eventually be ejected to feed systemic cells
This then initiates the pulmonary circulation
Systemic Circulation
Between the Heart and the rest of the body
In Systemic Capillaries the O2 is diffused into the cell and CO2 is diffused out of the cell
The inferior vena cava and the Superior vena cava bring poor O2 blood to the right side of the heart
This the initiates the pulmonary circulation
Carotid arteries
Major blood vessel that feed the head
Jugular vein
Return blood from the head
Hepatic Circulation
Blood from the capillaries of the spleen, stomach, Pancreas, gall bladder, and intestines flows into the mesentary vein and the splenic vein
These veins converge to form a portal vein
Blood from the left and right gastric veins empties into the hepatic portal vein
The portal vein
The portal vein channels the blood into the liver
The blood is then distributed to innumerable sinusoidal capillaries
The blood flows out of the sinusoids into the hepatic vein
The the blood is shunted to the inferior vena cava where is returned to the heart
Purpose of the Hepatic Portal vein
To send material from the GI organs to the liver so that it can detoxify any harmful material before its shunted to the heart for circulation.
Coronary Circulation Pathway
s
Aorta
Right Coronary Arteries
Posterior interventricular artery
Ventricular walls
Cardiac veins
coronary sinus
Right Atria
Marginal Artery
Walls of the right atrium and right ventricle
Cardiac veins
Coronary sinus
Right Atria
Left Coronary Arteries
Circumflex artery
Walls of the left atria and left ventricle
Cardiac veins
Coronary sinus
Right atria
Anterior interventricular artery
Ventricular walls
Cardiac veins
Coronary sinus
Right atria
Arteries
Carry Oxygenated blood to the heart
Veins
Carry deoxygenated blood into the right atria
Coronary sinus
Placental & Fetal Circulation
Placental circulation
The uterine Artery from the mother supplies the blood to the uterus
Which transfers oxygen and nutrients to the placenta
The oxygen and nutrients then travel through the umbilical cord to the baby
Wastes and CO2 are then transported via the umbilical cord to the placenta
Oxygen is transferred from uterus to placenta and the placenta to baby
CO2 is transferred from the baby to placenta and from placenta to uterus
Fetal Circulation
Placenta
Supplies Blood rich in nutrients and oxygen
Umbilical vein
The rich blood rich in nutrients and oxygen flows to the umbilical vein
Ductus venosus
The blood supply is then transported to the ductus venosus
This skips the liver because mom still does the detoxification
This then sends it to the inferior vena cava which is then shunted to the right side of the heart
Foramen Ovale
This is not sent to the pulmonary trunk because baby is not breathing air
Therefore the poor rich blood is shunted directly to the left ventricle by the foramen ovale
This is then mixed with the rich blood then is shunted to the body by the aorta
Ductus Arteriosus
Is a blood vessel connecting the main pulmonary artery to the proximal descending aorta
It allows most blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fluid filled non functioning lungs
Umbilical Arteries
Allow blood to flow from the body back to the placenta to be enriched with oxygen and nutrients