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WAVES (Transverse Waves (In transverse waves, the oscillations…
WAVES
Transverse Waves
In transverse waves, the oscillations (vibrations) are at right angles to the direction of travel and energy transfer
Side ways vibrations
Water waves and S waves (a type of seismic wave) are also transverse waves.
All electromagnetic waves are transverse
Ripples and waves in the water are transverse
A wave on a string is transverse
Key words
Amplitude
Distance from the rest position to the top of the wave, measured in metres, m
Wavelength
Distance from one point on the wave to the identical point on the next wave, measured in meters, m
Frequency
The number of waves or oscillations per second, measured in hertz, Hz
Period
The time for one wave to pass a given point of the time for one complete oscillation, in seconds, s
Longitudinal Waves
In longitudinal waves, the oscillations are along the same direction as the direction of travel and energy transfer.
Longitudinal waves show area of compression and rarefaction. In the animation, the areas of compression are where the parts of the spring are close together, while the areas of rarefaction are where they are far apart.
Longitudinal waves have parallel vibrations
Sound waves are longitudinal waves
Equations
Period
1/frequency (T=1/f) where period, T, is measured in seconds, s and frequency, f, is measured in hertz, Hz
Wave speed
wave speed = frequency x wavelength (v = f × λ) where wave speed, v, is measure in metres per seconds, m/s: frequency, f, is measure in hertz, Hz and wavelength, λ, in meters, m