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GM of Potato (References (https://prezi.com/1v-m-s0fpsej/genetically…

- - - - Genes can be come from bacteria, viruses, insects, humans and animals.
    - - 1900
        
        Plant varieties are crossed with others to produce desirable characteristics that another plant has
      - 1973
        
        Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen create 1st recombinant DNA organism
      - 1980
        
        First oil-eating organism approved
      - August 1996, approval of Amflora potato requested
      - 2010 Approved Amflora potato
      - Between 1996 and 2001, various GM potatoes have been made with resistance against Colorado beetle and PVY virus
  - - - Vegetable and member of the Solanaceae family, others including peppers and tomatoes.
    - - Source of Vitamin C which was used to combat scurvy
      - Low in calories and provide fiber and other nutrients
        
        Offers protections against cancer and cardiovascular diseases
        
        Skin has soluble and insoluble fiber which helps to prevent constipation and lowers cholesterol
      - Also has other B- vitamins and minerals such as pottassium and iron
  - - - Irish Potato Famine
        
        1845-55
        
        Killed over 1 mil people and 1.5 mil people left Ireland
        
        Caused by fungus, Phytophtora infestans, turning potatoes into slime which was inedible
    - - Gene gun
        
        Injects cells with genetic material in order to trigger gene transformation
        
        Injects a heavy metal coated with plasmid DNA
        
        Transforms any type of cell, and also organelles
      - Agrobacterium
        
        Type of bacteria, gram-negative, which lives in soil
        
        Unique ability of transferring its DNA to plants
        
        Enters through small wound in plant
        
        By injecting good genes into this bacteria, it can help a plant to develop resistance against pests and diseases
    - - General GM Potato
        
        Resists blackspot bruising and browning
      - Amflora Potato
        
        Produces pure amylopectin starch
        
        Helpful in the paper, concrete, and glue industries