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Hyperlipidemia- high levels of lipids in the blood. (Treatment…
Hyperlipidemia- high levels of lipids in the blood.
Epidemiology
People with Hyperlipidemia have twice the chance at developing cardiovascular disease.
Cardiovascular disease is the number one killer among adults in the U.S.
53% of adults in the U.S. have hyperlipidemia.
Pathophysiology
elevated blood pressure
formation of blood clots
makes blood vessels narrower
high cholesterol
Risk Factors
If you are overweight your cholesterol could elevate causing hyperlipidemia.
You can inherit hyperlipidemia if it runs in your family.
Blood clots could travel to the heart causing a heart attack or travel to the brain causing a stroke.
Diagnosed
Blood test called Lipoprotein panel.
Normal lipid levels:
Total cholesterol: > 200
LDL: >100
HDL: < 50
Triglycerides: >140
Treatment
lower intake of saturated fat, trans fats, and cholesterol in their diet.
Losing weight can lower cholesterol
Regular exercise
Stop smoking
Medications
HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS
Simvastatin, Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, and Rosuvastatin.
Adverse Effects: Headache, dyspepsia, abdominal cramping, myalgia, rash, pruritus, Rhabdomyolsis, severe myositis, elevated hepatic enzymes.
Bile Acid Sequestrants
Cholestyramine, Colesevelam, Colestipol
Adverse Effects: Constipation, nausea, vomiting, abdonimal pain, bloating, dyspepsia, GI tract obstruction, vitamin deficiencies
