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Acid-Base Balance (pH (Maintenance (RBCs, Lungs, Kidneys, Tissues), Acids…
Acid-Base Balance
pH
Optimum
7.35--7.45
Acids
Strong
Completely dissociate
Weak
Partially dissociate
Maintenance
RBCs
Lungs
Kidneys
Tissues
Buffers
Components
Weak acid
Conjugate base
Calculations
pH= pKa
Henderson-Hasselbach
Examples
Extracellular
Hemoglobin buffer
Bicarbonate buffer
Intracellular
Protein buffer
Phosphate buffer
Balance
Acidosis
Types
Metabolic
Loss of bicarbonate
Respiratory
Hypoventilation
Clinical Presentation
CNS depression
Alkalosis
Types
Metabolic
Gain of bicarbonate
Respiratory
Hyperventilation
Clinical Presentation
CNS excitability