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OB lecture 8: communication and creativity (communication process…
OB lecture 8: communication and creativity
communication functions
communication
: the transference and understanding of meaning --> necessarily!
communication for an
individual
: infleunce, exert power, persuade, fulfil affiliation need, create positive self-image and maintaining it. Gain recognition.
communication for an
organizations
: control member behavior; foster motivation; provide a release for expression; provide information; reducing uncertainty; coordinate action; effective communication crucial for task performance
voice behavior
employee voice behavior: informal and discretionary communication by an employee of ideas, suggestions, concerns, information about problems etc. to persons who might be able........
leads to error avoidance, innovation, unit performance.
managers don't like when the employee speaks up to the manager. managers simply feel threatened.
communication process
the steps between a source and a receiver that result in the transference and understanding of meaning.
the process consists of:
the sender - encoding - the message - the channel (noise) - decoding - the receiver - noise - feedback
direction
upwards (employee - ceo): problems, complaints
downwards (CEO - employee): instructions, goals, decision, strategy
Lateral: coorporation, consult,
modes
written communication: + tangible and verifiable - time consuming and lacks feedback
nonverbal communication: + supports other communications and provides observable expression of emotions and feelings - misperception of body language or gestures (can influence receiver's interpretation of message)
oral communication: + speed and feedback - distortion of the message (misunderstandings)
non verbal communication
often, but not always unconsciously encoded and decoded. A
types
kinesics, paralinguistics, proxemix, haptics, clothing and artifacts, color, chronemics.
persuasive communication
persuasive communication is directed to change recipient's attitude and/or behavior. there are 2 ways to process information
systematic processing mode: individuals access, analyze, scrutinize all information available to make their judgement
Heuristic-systematic model of information processing (controlled processing)
heuristic processing mode: individuals use learned knowledge structures and cognitive heuristics and shortcuts to make their judgements
Elaboration likelihood model: changes in attitude occurring via central route tend to last longer.
central route (controlled processing)
peripheral route:
communication networks
chain: rigidly follows the chain of command.
wheel: relies on a central figure to act as the conduit for all communication
all chanel: all group members communicate actively with each other, self managed team
informal: the grapevine
cross cultural communication
effective communications
Barriers: differences, filtering, selective perception, information overload, emotions