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Vessels (Compare the major body circulation pathways: systemic, pulmonary,…

- - - - Have thicker tunica media and narrower lumen than veins
      - Have more elastic and collagen fibers (spring back to shape)
    - - Have thicker tunica externa and larger lumen than arteries
      - Have less elastic and collagen fibers
        Wall collapses if no blood in vessel
  - - - Endothelial cells form a continuous lining
      - Tight junctions connect cells but don’t form a complete seal
        
        Large particles (e.g., cells, proteins) cannot pass, but smaller molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through wall
      - found in muscle, skin, lungs, central nervous system
    - - Endothelial cells form a continuous lining but the cells have fenestrations ( pores)
        
        Fenestrations allow movement of smaller plasma proteins
      - Found in areas where much fluid transport happens
        
        intestine capillaries absorbing nutrients
        
        kidney capillaries filtering blood to form urine
    - - Endothelial cells form an incomplete lining with large gaps
      - Basement membrane is incomplete or absent
      - Openings allow transport of large substances (formed elements, large proteins)
      - Found in bone marrow, spleen, and some endocrine glands
- - - - Arterioles
        
        Capillaries
        
        Venules
        
        Veins
        
        Vena Cava
        
        Right Atria
        
        1 more item...
- - - - Arteries divide into smaller arteries and arterioles
        
        Arterioles branch into pulmonary capillaries
        
        Capillaries merge to form venules and then pulmonary veins
        
        Two left and two right pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to left atrium
        
        gas exchange
- - - - Hepatic portal vein to the capillaries of the liver
        
        Blood returns to the hear via the hepatic vein and then the inferior vena cava
- - - - Oxygenated blood in ductus venosus mixes with deoxygenated blood in inferior vena cava
        
        Blood from superior and inferior venae cavae empties into right atrium
        
        Most blood shunted from right to left atrium via foramen ovale
        
        Blood travels to rest of body and returns to placenta through a pair of umbilical arteries
        
        Nutrient and gas exchange occurs at placenta
        
        Small amount of blood enters right ventricle and is pumped to pulmonary trunk
        
        Most of this blood shunted from pulmonary trunk to aorta through ductus arteriosus
- - - - The branch of the umbilical vein that supplies the right lobe of the liver first joins with the portal vein. The blood then moves to the right atrium of the heart
        
        In the fetus, there is an opening between the right and left atrium (the foramen ovale), and most of the blood flows through this hole directly into the left atrium from the right atrium, thus bypassing pulmonary circulation. The continuation of this blood flow is into the left ventricle, and from there it is pumped through the aorta into the body
        
        Some of the blood moves from the aorta through the internal iliac arteries to the umbilical arteries, and re-enters the placenta, where carbon dioxide and other waste products from the fetus are taken up and enter the maternal circulation
- - - - Posterior Interventricular Artery
        
        Ventricular Walls
        
        Cardiac Veins, Coronary Sinus, R Atrium
      - Marginal Artery
        
        Walls of the right atrium and right ventricle
        
        Anterior cardiac vein
        
        right atrium
        
        Cardiac veins, coronary sinus, R atrium
    - - Circumflex Artery
        
        Walls of left atrium and left ventricle
        
        Cardiac veins, coronary sinus, R atrium
      - Anterior interventricular artery
        
        Ventricular Walls
        
        Cardiac veins, coronary sinus, R atrium