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The Courts (Courts and Adjucation (The Defense Attorney (Police Station:…
The Courts
Courts and Adjucation
To Be a Judge
Functions
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Adjudicator, negotiator, administrator
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Trial: oversees jury selection, rules on evidence, determines verdict
How to Become a Judge
Partisan election, nonpartisan election and merit selection
The Courtroom
Local Legal Culture: norms shared by members of a court community as to how cases should be handled and how a participant should behave in the judicial process
Work Group: a collection of individuals who interact in the workplace on a continuing basis, share goals, develop norms regarding how activities should be carried out and eventually establish a network of roles, all of which differentiate the group from others and facilitate cooperation
Going Rate: local court official' shared view of the appropriate sentence for a given offense, the defendant's prior record and other case characteristics
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The Prosecutorial System
Prosecuting Attorneys: a legal representative of the state with sole responsibility for bringing criminal charges
The Defense Attorney
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Preliminary Hearing: challenges prosecutor and tries to get bail reduction and figure out what evidence is there
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The Functions of Courts
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Preliminary hearings, arraignments, pretrials, trials, sentences and appeals
Jurisdiction: the geographic territory or legal boundaries within which control may be exercised; the range of a court's authority
Pretrial Procedures, Plea Bargain and the Criminal Trial
Plea Bargaining
Plea Bargain: when you plead guilty or help with the investigation and you get a reward such as reduced sentencing
Santobello v. New York (1971): When a guilty plea rests on a promise of a prosecutor, the promise must be fulfilled
Appeals
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Habeas Corpus: a writ or judicial order requesting the release of a person being detained in a jail, prison or mental hospital. If a judge finds the person is being held improperly, the writ may be granted and the person released
Pretrial Detention
Those who are not given bail, must remain in jail until trial
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Bail: Pretrial Release
Bail: an amount of money, specified by a judge, to be paid as a condition of pretrial release to ensure that the accused will appear in court as required
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