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The Courts (Criminal Trial (Appeal (Convicted Offenders can appeal (Focus…
The Courts
Criminal Trial
Defendants Evidence
Rebuttal Witnesses
Prosecutions Evidence
Closing Arguments
Opening Statements
Judge's Jury Instructions
Jury Selection
Jury's Decision
Appeal
Convicted Offenders can appeal
Focus on claimed errors of law or procedure by police, prosecutor or Judge
Sentences
Determinate
Mandatory
Indeterminate
Good Time for reduced Sentences
Influences
Administrative Context
Pre-sentence Report
Attitudes and Values of Judges
Sentencing Guidelines
Goals of Punishment
Deterrence
Incapacitation
Retribution
Rehabilitation
Judges
Qualities
Communication Skills
Decision Making
Knowledge of Law
Fairness
Roles
Adjudicator
Negotiator
Administrator
Selection
Non-partisan Election
Partisan Elections
Merit Selection
Legislative Selection
Providing Counsel
Contract Counsel
Public Defenders
Assigned Counsel
Pretrial
Determine fates of most Defendants
Case Dismissals
Charge Decisions
Plea Bargains
Bargains made by defendant and Judge or Prosecutor
Can reduce sentence
Detention
Locked in Jail even before trial which may take a while
Bail
Allows Pretrial Release
Bail Set by Judges or Prosecutors
Amount of money to be paid
Structure
Federal Court
District courts
Circuit court of Appeals
Supreme Court of the U.S.
State Court
Trial courts of Limited Jurisdiction
Trial courts of General Jurisdiction
Intermediate courts of appeals
Appellate Court
Supreme Court of the U.S.
Prosecutors
Roles
Elected Official
Police House Counsel
Police Trial Counsel
Representative of the Court
Discretion
Which Charges to pursue
Whether or not to pursue them
Concept Map I & II Connection
Exclusionary Rule
Discards use of illegally obtained evidence
Keeps Police from Violation Citizens Rights During Investigations
Supreme Court Has Few Exceptions
Inevitable Discovery
Good Faith