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Ecology of Teaching (Teacher Characteristics: Leadership Style (Know your…
Ecology of Teaching
Teacher Characteristics: Leadership Style
Know your students and respond accordingly
Communicate Verbally
Relate to students positively
Be a role model
Be democratic
Be a collaborator
Be a mentor
Differences in Ethnicity
Most people are non-Hispanic white
Number of people 5 and older who speak language other than English has doubled
Equitable treatment for all groups
Teachers are to respect ethnic and religious difference by being sensitive to culture
Teacher sensitivity enables children to be tolerant and respectful of differences
Values of Macroculture
active mastery, valuation of work ethic, achieved status, assertiveness, fairness, emphasis on change, rationalism, peer relationships, & individual personality.
Values of Microculture
orientation toward extended family, humility, fostering of sharing and group ownership, learning by observation and patience, respect & compliance w/ no eye-contact, ascribed status, and present-time orientation.
Development of children from American, middle-class families is considered norm regardless of culture or context
Schools are generally oriented toward European American values and individualism
Teacher's Role in Socialization
teachers provide learning environment
Are sensitive to children's needs, abilities, interests, and feel empathy for their fears of failure
They encourage children to explore, satisfy natural curiosity, and love learning
Help children deal with authority
Are responsible for selecting relevant materials to learner and for managing group dynamics in class
Effective Teachers...
organize classroom environment
involve students in learning activities
have high expectations for success
adapt activities to needs of students
ensure success by giving guidance & support
Gender Differences
teacher-student interaction differs according to gender of student. Most teachers are unaware of this
Teachers are more responsive to disruptive behavior of boys than girls and are more likely to reprimand them
Boys receive criticism for not following rules whereas girls receive criticism based on performance
Girls perform better academically in elementary school but falter in high school
Richard Whitmire believes methods used in schools are better suited to girls than boys
Boys have higher dropout rates, lower graduation rates, and lower test scores
Teacher Characteristics: Management Style
Difference between successful & unsuccessful classroom management is planning & preparation
inattentiveness and misbehavior are linked to discontinuity in a lesson
"with-it-ness"- responding immediately to incidents rather than waiting
In well-managed classrooms, teachers spend time teaching rather than dealing with bad behavior
overlap- deal with more than one activity at once
Affects of Socioeconomic Status
Socioeconomic status affects school readiness and academic achievement
Income
Children whose families' income were below poverty line scored lower on tests
Education
Children whose parents finished high school & had finished some college scored higher on tests than those whose parents had less education
Teachers often stereotype children's potential based on SES
Family Structure
Children from single-parent families have lower academic well-being due to a lack of resources
Neighborhood
Children in high-poverty communities usually experience much stress and lack positive role models
Teacher Expectations
Predictions of student performance has a great impact on their ability to achieve
Teachers tend to treat students differently when they develop expectations for their achievement and behavior. This in turn affects how students react to their teacher. Over time their self-concepts and aspiration reflect these expectations.
Expectations are influenced by socioeconomic status, culture, gender, personality, physical attractiveness, speech, and handwriting.
Some teachers do not form expectations that stay throughout year. Rather, they change expectations based on student performance
Learning Styles
Learning Styles and Socialization
Children develop learning styles based on socialization they receive from families & peer groups
Children who grew up in structured homes exhibit a analytical cognitive styles
Children growing up in less structured homes have a relational cognitive styles
Adapting Teaching to Learning Styles
Types of intelligences
Logical-mathematical
Linguistic
Body kinesthetic
Musical
Spatial
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Naturalist
Learning Styles and Technology
Computerized curricula can be customized for each learner
Technology is more engaging and makes learning more exciting for children
The Amplify tablet is being used more often in classrooms