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Coastal management - Hard engineering (Rip-Rap(Rock armour) (Disadvantages…
Coastal management - Hard engineering
Rip-Rap(Rock armour)
Granite boulders used to decrease energy from wave impact
Disadvantages
Not very attractive
Rats may live in space
Not easy for people to get over(possible injuries)
Advantages
Popular option and effective
Cheaper than sea wall
Gabions
Wire cages filled with rocks stacked along cliff base
Advantages
Cheaper than sea wall
Easily installed
Disadvantages
Not very attractive
Need frequent checking and repair
May contain rat nests
Not easy for people to get over the beach
Groynes
Wooden or boulder fences designed to trap & accumulate sand
Disadvantages
Need repairs
Strong waves still reach the cliff face
Leads to faster cliff erosion
Advantages
Encourages tourism
Provide calm water
Makes the beach wider
Builds up the beach
Sea wall
Deflects waves
Disavantages
Expensive
Repair need reguarly
Deflected waves can "scour" sea bed and undermine the sea wall foundations
Advantages
Lasts a long time
Effective
Strong
Deflects waves