Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Principles of Emotions and Emotional Messages (Emotions are Influenced by…
Principles of Emotions and Emotional Messages
Emotional Arousal Is a Multi-Step Process
Leading up to emotional arousal
Step 2: You experience an emotion (surprise, joy, or anger)
Step 3: You respond physiologically (face flushes, change in heartbeat)
Step 1: An event occurs
James- Lange theory
Step 2: You respond physiologically
Step 3: You experience an emotion (joy, sadness)
Step 1: An event occurs
Cognitive labeling theory
Step 2: You respond physiologically
Step 3: You interpret this arousal (decide what you are feeling)
Step 1: An even occurs
Step 4: You experience the emotion
Emotions May Be Primary or Blended
Primary emotions
To capture the similarities among emotions, many researchers have tried to identify basic or primary emotions
Blended emotions
Emotions that are combinations of the primary emotions
Emotions Involve both Body and Mind
The Body
Most obvious aspect of our emotions
Examples: bush of embarrassment, sweaty palms from nervousness
The Mind
Involves the evaluations and interpretations you make
The emotions you feel will depend on what you think this behavior means
Emotions are Influenced by a Variety of Factors
Culture
Your culture gives you a framework for both expressing and interpreting feelings
Example: Japanese people look at the eyes, people from the US look at the mouth to see what others are feeling
Gender
Gender display rules
For what is and what isn't appropriate to express
Personality
Your personality will influence the way you feel, the extent on how you feel, and how you express your feelings
Relationships
Relationships can reduce stress (friends, lovers, family)
Emotions May Be Adaptive and Maladaptive
Adaptive
Emotions are often adaptive and help you adjust to a situation
For example, you may change the way you act towards someone if you think they are changing
Maladaptive
Emotions may be maladaptive and may get in the way of you accomplishing your goals
For example, being anxious about a test
Emotional Expression Uses Multiple Channels
Emotions are encoded verbally and nonverbally
Face-to-face: words and facial expressions
Text-based: descriptive words, photos, emojis
Emotional Expression Is Governed by Display Rules
Display rules
Govern which emotions are permissible and which are not permissible to communicate
Women tend to express their emotions more than men and in different ways
Emotion work
The conscious process you go through to express your emotions
Emotion labor
Refers to the same process of managing and controlling your emotions
For example, being nice and respectful to customers at work even if they are rude to you
Emotions Can Be Used Strategically
Strategic emotionality
Emotions are used for one's personal ends
Emotions Have Consequences
Revealing your emotions communicates important information about who you are and how you feel
Exposing how you feel about someone or something can be used against you
Emotions are Contagious
Emotions pass easily from one person to another; women are especially prone to emotional contagion
