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mitosis 有丝分裂 （division of somatic cells） (prophase (nuclear membrane&…
mitosis
有丝分裂
（division of somatic cells）
division of 1 cell to produces 2 daughter cells
both parent and daughter cells are
diploid
二倍体
the cell cycle
interphase
G1
carry out many biochemical reactions
S
DNA replication
occurs
MOST IMPORTANT !
G2
cell prepares for nuclear division
mitosis
prophase
supercoiling 超螺旋（DNA becomes fatter）
spindle microtubules form
nuclear envelop breaks down into vesicles（in the end）
metaphase
chromosomes aline at the equitorial plate
microtubule network completed
microtubule attach to centromeres 着丝粒
anaphase
centromere divide
microtubules contact
sister chromatids separate
move toward the corresponding poles
telophase
chromosomes uncoil 解开，展开
microtubules break down
nuclear envelope reforms
cytoplasm divides
cell membrane pinches inward
produce 2 daughter cells
（phase:cytokinesis 原浆移动）
cytokinesis
in animal cells, microfilaments cause the cell membrane to pinch in at the equator
in plant cells,vesicles from the golgi apparatus move to the equator and fuse together to form the new plasma membrane
prophase
nuclear membrane&nucleolus disappears
chromatin
shortens into visible sister chromatids
centrioles move to opposite poles
spindle fibres start to grow
difference between plant and animal cell division
animal cells have centrioles
they form
asters
near the centriole
（星状体）
plant cell have no centrioles
they still have spindle fibers but no aster