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Unit 3: westward Expansion (Slavery (How many slaves? (12.5 million slaves…
Unit 3: westward Expansion
Native American
Manifest Destiny
Spread American Values
Spread Values of American People(Agriculture)
It was America's destiny
Indian Removal Act of 1830 Consequences
It will forever divide the Native Americans and the United States
Leads to War
Directly Leads them to the trial of tears
Indian Removal Acts of 1830
Passed by president Andrew Jackson (Hero of War of 1812 whom fought WITH Indians
Series of Treaties that moved the Native Americans further West
Tribes who did not leave, were forced to leave by the US Army
Mexico
Mexican American War (1846-1848)
Angry about the Annexation of Texas, Mexico would attack American troops along the Rio Grande
Mexican president Santa Anna tells president Polk he will end the war peacefully
Santa Anna instead attacks the American Army
Santa Anna loses badly and the American Army continues South, taking Mexico city in 1847
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Officially ends the Mexican-American War
Mexico gives New Mexico, Arizona , and California to America
Gadsden Purchase 1853
United States pays Mexico $10 million for all territory along the Gila River
United States wants this land for railroads
Annexation of Texas
Texas and the United States agreed to make Texas the 28th state in 1845
Keeping slavery legal was a must
Texas declared independence from Mexico in 1836
Slavery
Slavery
Brought to America by the British in the 16th century
It remained an American Institution after thew Revolutionary War
Triangle Trade
System of trading that brought slaves to the American colonies in exchange for goods
Africa Exports: Slaves--> America Exports: Sugar, Tobacco, and Cotton (harvested by slaves)--> Europe Exports: Clothes, Rum, and Manufactured Goods (Goods made from sugar, tobacco, cotton)
How many slaves?
12.5 million slaves were brought in to the America's
10.5 million survived the trip also known as ' The middle Passage' (meaning 2 million slaves died on the trip: bodies would be thrown overboard.)
Only 400,000 thousand were sent to the American colonies
Slavery in the United States
Early America was an Agrarian Society
Dependent on Agriculture
Dependent on Slaves
New technology changed America
Railroads, Steel Mills, Machines, oils, etc.
Mostly developed in the North
North vs South
Northern states are growing rapidly
Steel, Infrastructure, railroads
Southern states remained agrarian and dependent on slaves
Cotton, tobacco, wheat (little to no industry)
Missouri Compromise:1820
Agreements passed by congress that keeps the balance of slaves states and free states
Draws a line through Louisiana Territory (No slavery North of 36-30 Latitude)
Who should decide?
Popular Sovereignty: Idea that the states should determine legality of slavery
Social Reforms
Who protects the workers?
Textile workers: Mostly children aged 13-16, made 27 cents and hour
Woman: In 1899 woman made an average of $267 a year, average man made $500
Andrew Carnegie, CEO of Us Steel: made $23 million in 1899 with no income tax
Labor Unions
Protect workers
Provided better working conditions; multiple exits, sprinklers, etc.
Provided better pay
Congress passed the 8 hour work day in 1868