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Types of Assessments By Michelle Arcala (Formative Assessment (Served as…
Types of Assessments By Michelle Arcala
Formative Assessment
Served as practice for students, just like a meaningful homework assignment. They check for understanding along the way and guide teacher decision making about future instruction; they also provide feedback to students so they can improve their performance.
Advantage- help differentiate instruction and thus improve student achievement. They do not take an inordinate amount of time as opposed to other testing methods.
Disadvantage- None.
Designed primarily as an assessment for learning.
Example- Exit tickets.
Resource
Summative Assessment
Used to evaluate student learning, knowledge, proficiency, or success at the conclusion of an instructional period.
Advantage- usually higher stakes than formative assessment.
Disadvantage- almost always formally graded and often heavily weighted (though they do not need to be)
Designed primarily as an assessment of learning.
Example- A test on identifying body parts after a unit about parts of our body.
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Diagnostic Assessment
Assesses what the learner already knows and/or the nature of difficulties that the learner might have, which, is undiagnosed, might limit their engagement in new learning. It is often used before teaching or when a problem arises.
Advantage- establishes a baseline for the class, allows for better differentation plan for the students, provides a frame of reference for later assessments.
Disadvantage- it may cause an educator to make incorrect inferences about a child's ability level.
Designed primarily as an assessment for learning.
Example- Assessing whether students can recognize their alphabets, sounds, and numbers before a lesson.
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Self-Assessment
Involves students in evaluating their own work and learning progress.
Advantages- Identify their own skill gaps, where their knowledge is weak. Track their own progress.
Disadvantage- May be untrue or unbiased.
Designed primarily as an assessment of learning.
Example- Portfolio.
Resource
Peer Assessment
Allows instructors to share the evaluation of assignments with their students.
Advantage- Empowers students to take responsibility for, and manage, their own learning. Collaboration.
Disadvantage- may be true or biased.
Designed Primarily as an assessment of learning.
Example- Incorporate small feedback groups where written comments on assignments can be explained and discussed with the receiver.
Resource
Performance Based Assessment
Measures students' ability to apply the skills and knowledge learned from a unit or units of study.
Advantage- Typically, the task challenges students to use their higher-order thinking skills to create a product or complete a process. Tasks can range from a simple constructed response to a complex design proposal of a sustainable neighborhood.
Many components to making a performance-based test.
Designed primarily as an assessment of learning.
Example- simple short answer tests.
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High Stakes Assessment
Any test used to make important decisions about students, educators, schools, or districts, most commonly for the purpose of accountability.
Advantage- focus of education must be on academic learning and growth as opposed to an isolated performance on a single assessment.
Disadvantage- some students simply do not test well. Many students are affected by test anxiety or do not sow their learning well on standardized test, resulting in inaccurately lower scores. It also produces teaching to the test.
Designed primarily as an assessment of learning.
Example- standardized tests.
Resources
Authentic Assessment
Aims to evaluate students' abilities in 'real world' contexts. In other words, students learn how to apply their skills to authentic tasks and projects.
Advantage- Focuses on students' analytical skills, ability to integrate what they learn; creativity, ability to work collaboratively, and written and oral expression skills.
Disadvantage- Materials used to provide learning experiences can be costly.
Designed primarily as an assessment of learning.
Example- STEAM activities
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Portfolio-
The portfolio contains samples of the learner's work and shows growth overtime. By reflection on their own work, learners begin to identify the strengths and weaknesses of their own work.
Advantage- Assessment form that learners do together with teachers, and is an alternative to the classic test.
Disadvantage- Takes time for collection
Designed Primarily as an assessment of learning.
Example- A portfolio of student work from the first day of school up until the last day to show growth in academics.
Resource-
https://files.itslearning.com/help/en-us/content/courses/portfolio_assessment.htm?
