Defamation
Essentials
Published
False and Defamatory
Referring to Plaintiff
Defenses
Truth/Justification #
Privileges
Fair Comment
DP Coudhary vs Manjulata
Alexander vs North eastern Railway
South Indian Railway co. vs Ramakrishna
Innuendo
Tolley vs JS Fry & Sons ltd
Mistake followed by Apology Sec 4 of Defamation Act(England) #
Intention
Cassidy vs Daily Mirror Newspapers
If referring to Community, must show special damages
In any permanent form to third person
Spouse defamation
If to Artificial Persons, then applicable only if affecting business brought by BoD
If deceased, his heir cannot bring action unless special damages suffered
Newstead vs London Express Newspapers
John Thomas vs Dr K Jagadeesan
Fanu vs Malcolmson
Each repetition gives rise to new liability
Huth vs Huth
Mahendra Ram vs Harnandan Prasad
TJ Ponnen vs MC Vergese
Theaker vs Richardson
Mcquire vs Western Morning news
Radheshyam Tiwari vs Eknath
Tushar Kanti Gosh vs Bina Bowmik
Absolute
Qualified (Sec 499IPC)
Consti Art 105 - Parlliamentary Privilege
CrPC Sec 107- Judicial Privilege
Occasion
Without Malice #
Salenadandasi vs Gajjala Malla Reddy
Emmens vs Pottle
Knupffer vs London Express Newspaper
Monroe vs Hopkins
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