Defamation

Essentials

Published

False and Defamatory

Referring to Plaintiff

Defenses

Truth/Justification #

Privileges

Fair Comment

DP Coudhary vs Manjulata

Alexander vs North eastern Railway

South Indian Railway co. vs Ramakrishna

Innuendo

Tolley vs JS Fry & Sons ltd

Mistake followed by Apology Sec 4 of Defamation Act(England) #

Intention

Cassidy vs Daily Mirror Newspapers

If referring to Community, must show special damages

In any permanent form to third person

Spouse defamation

If to Artificial Persons, then applicable only if affecting business brought by BoD

If deceased, his heir cannot bring action unless special damages suffered

Newstead vs London Express Newspapers

John Thomas vs Dr K Jagadeesan

Fanu vs Malcolmson

Each repetition gives rise to new liability

Huth vs Huth

Mahendra Ram vs Harnandan Prasad

TJ Ponnen vs MC Vergese

Theaker vs Richardson

Mcquire vs Western Morning news

Radheshyam Tiwari vs Eknath

Tushar Kanti Gosh vs Bina Bowmik

Absolute

Qualified (Sec 499IPC)

Consti Art 105 - Parlliamentary Privilege

CrPC Sec 107- Judicial Privilege

Occasion

Without Malice #

Salenadandasi vs Gajjala Malla Reddy

Emmens vs Pottle

Knupffer vs London Express Newspaper

Monroe vs Hopkins

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