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Urban vs Rural vs Expressway (More hazards per mile :warning: (Be ready to…
Urban vs Rural vs Expressway
More dense traffic
More hazards per mile :warning:
Be ready to respond or do anything
Higher chance of being in unexpected situations
Have to respond so many close hazards
Less dense traffic
Wider roads but there can be narrow roads
Less hazards per mile
Usually have an adequate space cushion
Have to pay more attention on speed, distance, and time :clock1:
Drive with traffic (adjust speed + position)
More aggressive drivers :angry:
More vigorous IPDE process
Parked cars on the roadside
Double-parked vehicles
Pedestrians :person_with_ball::skin-tone-4:
Be aware of driveways, business driveways
Tailgaters are more present
Communicate early
Space is reduced
Be aware by sudden moves of others
Large vehicles are present (right-turn squeeze) :truck:
Uncontrolled and controlled intersections
Multiple lanes present
Right = slower traffic, Left = fast traffic
More cars passing each other
Special traffic lanes present
Slower speeds
One-way streets
All parked cars and signs are facing the same direction
Roadways can be made of many materials
Uncontrolled railroads :train2:
Higher speed limits
*Never drive faster than conditions permit :thunder_cloud_and_rain: :sunny:
Lack of traffic control requires an active IPDE process :vertical_traffic_light:
Roadside hazards (vegetation, guardrails, etc.) :evergreen_tree:
The same things can also block driveways and enterances
Warning can be posed only a few feet away from the hazard
Always drive at a speed that allows you to swerve or stop in time to avoid a collision
Use IPDE process the same way
Identify: signs, signals, wildlife
Predict: actions of others (and the worst)
More curves
Signs posted 250 to 700 feet before curve
Advisory speed signs are usually posted
Steep hills
Usually not marked
Treat driveways like intersections
3 second rule :car: :car:
4+ lane roads with intersections
May only have a broken yellow line (no white)
Medians (area of ground separating traffic going in opposite direction)
On a multilane highway-- try to stay on the right lane
At intersections: if turning left, go to nearest left lane
if turning right, go to nearest right lane
Signal at least 5 seconds before turning
At intersections and you're turning-- be aware of rear traffic
Before passing: Is it worth it? Legal? Safe?
Before passing on a multilane road, check all lanes
Slow moving vehicles are more present
Animals are more present
Animals have "right of way"
Switchbacks ( series of turn that sharply turn the opposite direction)
Pull-out areas (additional right lane for slower-moving vehicles)
Runaway vehicle ramps (safe road so vehicles whose brakes aren't working to get out of traffic)
Altitudes can affect drivers and vehicles :mountain:
The desert can affect drivers and vehicles (is there's a sandstorm, pull over or if you cannot, drive slowly) :desert:
Flash floods washes the ground away quickly :droplet:
There are no slow moving vehicles or pedestrians :no_pedestrians:
4 Types of Interchanges: Cloverleaf, All-directional, Diamond, Trumpet
Signs are put well in advance to help drivers
Entrance and Exit ramps
Entrance: entrance ramp, acceleration lane, merging area
Exit: Deceleration lane, exit ramp
Hazardous to back up on :red_flag:
Best to have yourself and car prepared, know route, and build experience gradually.
Lane choice is exaggerated (right = safe, left = for passing, fast, center = avoid conflicts from merging traffic)
:thunder_cloud_and_rain: There are sometimes minimum speed limits and speed limits for special vehicles/conditions :night_with_stars:
Common speed: speed that traffic is going at
Wolf pack = bunches of vehicles (avoid being in one)
When making a lane change, signal in advance :rotating_light:
Highway Hypnosis: inattentive drowsy state from driving too long without a change in scenery
Velocitation: unconsciously driving too fast
Tolls: places where you have to stop and pay a fine for using the expressway
Red X = lane closed, Yellow X = lane closed ahead
Wide road shoulders and underpasses
No cross traffic
Entrance and exit problems (especially in the merging area)
Entrance ramp signal lights :vertical_traffic_light:
Entrance ramps on the left (hazardous)
Need to look ahead to use Identify
Zones can be closed very quickly
Check blind spots because another driver may want to change to the same lane as you
Should be automatic when passing: evaluate zone you're entering, signal lane change, check blind spot
Could cross paths when exiting :warning:
Ramp overflow
Short deceleration lane
Driving task
cooperate with other drivers