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Cell Structure and Taxonomy (Eukaryotic Cell Structure (nucleus; 3 parts;…
Cell Structure and Taxonomy
Eukaryotic Cell Structure
cell membrane; selective per
nucleus; 3 parts; genes
RNA
cytoplasm
ER
rribosomes
40S + 60S = 80S
golgi
lysosomes and perioxisomes
mitochondria
plastids
cytoskeleton
cell wall
cellulose, and chitin
flagella and cilia
protozoa
Prokaryotic Cell Structure
cell membrane
mesosomes, chormatophore (thylacoids)
chromosome ss
nucleoid; plasmid,
cytoplasm
cytoplasmic particles
ribosomes, and others (starch, lipids, S, Fe)
bacterial cell wall
GP
thick PG
teichoic acid
lipoteichoic acid
GN
thin PG covered with lipids
outer memb: lipopolysaccharides + lipoproteins
main constituent: PG (AKA murein)
made of
NAG and NAM polymer cross-linked by peptides
Lysozyme!
mycoplasma and L-form (CWD)
glycocalyx
slimy gelatinous layer outside the cell wall (carbs + peptides)
capsule or slime; highly organized and less
H.influenza, K.pneumoniae, N.meningitidis, and S.pneumoniae (attach + phagocytosis)
negative staining, AB, and vaccines, S and R
flagella
motility
not mem bound, flagellin
pilli (fimbriae)
often in GN, pillin polymers, mem bound
thin, not involved in motility
attachment or genetic transfer (conjugation)
endospores
thick-walled, survival
sporulation, germination
stain, terminal+sub
tyndalization
cytology
fig 1
EM
fig 2
Cell theory
Hook
schleiden and schwann animals+plants
rudolf virchow Biogenesis
reproduction
binary fission, DNA replication, and generation time
Taxonomy
classification
5 kingdoms
prokaryotes
protista (algae and protozoa)
fungi
animal
plants
King David Came Over For Good Spaghetti
3 domains
archae
bacteria
eukaryotes
numeneclature
genus, specific epithet, and species
ptable terms such as staphylococci (for Staphylococcus spp.), ...
identification
genotype vs phenotype