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The immune system (External defense (ilia in lungs (Cilia has mucus,…

- - - - short lived. form in a large number during a infection
    - - Macrophages live long. They are produced in the marrow but they do not travel in the blood. Instead they settle in the spleen or liver. . They are also not always macrophages. Inititally they are monocytes
  - - - Form in the bone marrow but they mature in the thymus.
      - Helper T Cells
        
        Release hormone like cytokines. these cytokines stimulate the production of b lymphocytes.
        
        make macrophages carry out phagocytosis more vigrousy #
      - Killer T Cells
    - - Form in the bone marrow. mature in the bone marrow. Spread through the body concentrating in the liver and spleen
    - - many different types of b and t lymphocytes develop. each type is specified to respond to one different antigen
  - - - Acted upon by Antibodies
        
        They combine with viruses and bacterial toxins preventing them from entering the cell
        
        They attach to the flagella of a bacteria making it less easy for the bacteria to move
        
        Some antibodies have two sites or more where bacteria can bind. This causes agglutination or clumping. This reduces the chances that bacteria spread
        
        They poke holes in the cell walls of bacteria. This makes them burst when they absorb water by osmosis
        
        Coat bacteria making it easier for phagocytes to digest them. Phagocytes have specific receptors that detect antibodies
        
        combine with toxins making them harmless