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DM (Pathophysiologie (Insulin :gear: (Wirkung (Effekts (Lipid # (stay in),…
DM
Pathophysiologie
Insulin :gear:
Sekretion
Proinsulin
C-Peptid
Insulin
Wirkung
Goals :dart:
:arrow_down: Glucose
Glucose in cells
Energie reserve
Effekts
CHO
#
Lipid
#
stay in
Protein
Anablosim
:factory: protein
Elektro
K Into cell
Typ 1
autoimmune destruction ß-cells
failure by %80 of the cells
Typ 2
Insulinresistenze
:arrow_down: inslulinsekretion
Klinik
Allgemein
Müde
Poly
urie
dipsie
Wadenkrämpfe
Pruritus :question:
sehestörung :eye:
lense swell
KG loss
Typ 1
Coma
Rasch :checkered_flag:
:space_invader:
Typ 2
langsam
Diagnostik
High blood sugar
126 mg/dl
HbA 1c
6,5
memory of the last 8 weeks
OGTT :kiss: Glucose Tolerance Test
200
other
Urin
Micro-Albuminurie
Glucose > 150mg/dl in blood
Antikörper
Typ 1 vs. Typ 2
C-peptid
:arrow_down: Typ1
Gen
Verlaufskontrolle
Therapie
Ernährung
Häuifige kleine Mahlzeiten
Decrease CHO zufuhr
Except with Alcohol
Healthy
Values
1KE = 10 g CHO
30 - 40 mg/dl glucose in blood
Stufenschema 3-6 months each
:two: Metformin
:three: Metformin + something (Sulfonylharnstoffen)
Or Gliflozine (Jardiance)
:four: Insulin
:one: Lifestyle
Insulin
around 40 IE/day
20 basal
20 nahrung
1 IE decreases 30-40 mg zucker
1 IE for 1 KE
Therapie
Konventionelle
twice a day. Big meals
Mischinsulin
Intensivierte Konventionelle
Konventionelle
@ all meals
Basal
Basal ünterstützte Oral Therapie
2 xTablets
Basal
Supplementär
Twie a day tablet
Insulin @ all meals
Promblems
Dawn-phänomen
Typ 1
:sunny:
:arrow_up: GH
:arrow_up: Glucose
Solution
BZ kontrolle :night_with_stars:
:arrow_up: latent insluin :night_with_stars:
Somogyi effekt
rare
too high Insulin :night_with_stars:
Postprandial Hyper after breakfast
Solution: :arrow_down: latent Insulin :night_with_stars:
Ätio
1
Autoimmune
HLA
:handshake:
Hashimoto
Gastritis A (autoimmune)
Gluten
Addison :bulb:
2
Metablolische Syndrom
Komplikationen
Akute
Koma
Chronische
Makro
Aortendissektion
Aortenaneurysma
Mikro
Neuropathie
Nephropathie
1/3 patients
GFR increase then decrease
Mikroalbuminurie
Retinopathie
Netzhautgefäße
pathologie
non-proliferative
Proliferative
Makulopathie
Fuß syndrom
Others
:<3:
Fettleber
:globe_with_meridians:
Type 1: :flag-se: :flag-fi: :flag-dk: :flag-no: