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Government and Politics : half term 1 (Political Parties (Point of…
Government and Politics : half term 1
Political Parties
Point of political parties
Selecting candidates
Identifying leaders
Representation
Organizing elections
Making policy
Education
Reinforcing consent
Parties
Labour
Old Labour 1900-90
Unions and working class
equality, welfare, collectivism
New Labour 1990-2007
"Social Democracy" - more middle ground
Upheld equality, emphasized collectivism
Brown & Milliband
Attract new&trad votes
Less benefits needed by providing fairer wages
Corbynism
Hard left
re-nationalization, end of austerity etc
Others
Conservative
Traditional conservatism
Edmund Burke 1792-1797
human nature
pessimistic
Order
Tradition and preservation
Institutions and values
One Nation
Disraeli
Close gap between middle and working class
Pragmatism
Thatcherism
Neo-Liberalism
State disengagement economically
Dependency culture
Low tax
Neo-Conservatism
Strong, small state, authority & discipline
Trad values, individualism, nationalism
Compassionate Conservatism
Social justice and problems
Make party more central and appealing
Pragmatism
Mandate vs manifesto
Funding of political parties
Public aka government funding
based on seats
Private funding
Used to come from party membership
Donors, raising money
cash for honours
Politics in the UK
Struggle for Power/ conflict
Conflict of Interest
groups seek solutions through political dialog
Struggle for Power
Interparty struggle
Within members of Government
Between parties
Conflict of Ideas
Ideological conflicts from developed political ideas
Seen across all levels of government and all levels of politics
Democracy in the UK
Forms of democracy
Parliamentary
Presidential
Majoritarian
Direct
Liberal democracy
Representative
Key Functions
Representation
Power dispersal
Legitimacy
Accountability
Education
Participation
Key features
Representation
Party
manifesto
Constituency
locality
National
nation as whole
Social
characteristics; age, race etc.
Functional
occupational groups ; doctors, etc.
Causal
whole community; benefits everyone
Accountability
Elections
Essential - defend/explain decisions
Free and fair elections
Party system
Power resided in office holders
Participation
Compulsory voting
Reform of voting system
Reform of House of Lords
Government
Key principles
Power
coercive power
influence
democracy
Political power
democracy
Legitimacy
Consent
benchmark for democracy
Force
Tradition
Authority
Charismatic personality
Tradition
Legal-rational
Sovereignty
Political
Elections
Popular
Legal