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Chapter 4 (Sneaker net (Xerox (Ethernet (Bus Ethernet (10BaseT (Nics that…

- - - - still used for today's networks and defines all of the issues involved with data transfer between computer systems
      - Original Ethernet used was a single piece of coaxial cable in a bus topology that connected to several computers allowing them to preform data transfers but at the rate of 3Mbps ( very very slow compared to what we have now.
      - All networks break data transmitted between computers into smaller pieces called frames this prevents a single machine from monopolizing the shared bus cables.
      - using small frames on a computer allows you to share a cable easily. Each computer listens to a segment this sends a few frames of data when it catches no other computer transmitting.
      - Bus Ethernet
        
        last true bus Ethernet standard was called 10Base2 or even Thinnet
        
        single wire concept is when you have wires connect to the NIC to T connector
        
        T connector enables the bus to carry one electrical signal that connects every device onto the network.
        
        10Base2 are still used today exp. RG-58 and Coaxial cable with BNC connectors
        
        10BaseT
        
        1990 the IEEE802.3 committee made a new version of Ethernet called 10BaseT
        
        biggest difference between hubs is # of ports. a small hub may only have 4 ports but a big network could have 48.
        
        RJ-45 was introduced to the world due to 10BaseT
        
        Nics that can communicate in 1 direction at a time is half duplex mode
        
        later on if you enable NICs to send and receive at the same time is full duplex mode
        
        two standards that exists are TIA/EIA 568A and TIA/EIA 568B
        
        Media converter
        
        interconnects different Ethernet types
        
        Couplers
        
        You can extend a ethernet segment using a coupler
        
        Female connectors
        
        few years later a fiber optic version came a few years after called 10BaseFL that uses Multi mode ( uses a SC or ST connector )
- - - - Can order NIC to run promiscuous mode
      - Pad
        
        brings data up to a min of 64 Bytes
- - - - group of Nodes that are able to send frames at the same time as each other this results in collisions .
      - a segment is a collision domain ( there are ways to connect segments to make a larger collision domain )