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LAB DIAGNOSTICS (BACTERIAL CULTURE (Identification of cultured organism…
LAB DIAGNOSTICS
BACTERIAL CULTURE
Inoculation in growth medium
Liquid
Solid
Incubation in OPTIMAL CONDITIONS
Aerobes/Anaerobes
Temperature
Nutrients
Identification of cultured organism
Shape of colony
Haemolysis - alpha, beta, gamma
Odours
Growth time
NON-CULTURAL TESTS
Serology - determining body's response to infection via presence of antibodies
PCR - determining organism via genetic testing
Antigens - determining organism through presence of specific antigens
ANTIBIOTICS
Antibiotic resistance - judicious prescribing
MECHANISMS OF ACTION
CELL WALL - e.g. Penicillins via beta-lactam ring
30S RIBOSOME SUBUNIT - e.g. Tetracyclines
50S RIBOSOME SUBUNIT - e.g. Macrolides
DNA COILING - e.g. Fluoroquinolones
METABOLISM - e.g. Metronidazole (inhibition of DNA replication etc...)
Can be used THERAPEUTICALLY or PROPHYLACTICALLY (mainly to prevent wound infection)
ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING
MIC - Minimum concentration required to inhibit growth of organism
Disc SENSITIVITY - Inhibition zones compared from 6 different agents on impregnated discs