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Church and People at the close of the middle ages. (Parish Life around…
Church and People at the close of the middle ages.
The Shape of the Church
The Church
Looks like a uniform and well structured hierarchical institution.
Highest position =
Pope
(Bishop of Rome.)
Terriorty of Catholic Europe divided by
Archbishops
,
Bishoprics
,
Archdeacons
and 100,000+ Parishes
Bishops and Parish priests = Secular clergymen, because lived in outside world.
Regular branch = Monks, Nuns, Friars (took vow of chastity)8
Parish Life around 1500
Church influenced lives of people from birth to death.
Calendar shaped peoples understanding of time.
People were told to avoid the seven deadly sins and instead follow seven works of mercy.
(lust, gluttony, greed, sloth, wrath, envy, pride)
(feeding the hungry, giving drink to the thirsty, clothing the naked, receiving the stranger, tending the sick, visiting prisoners, burying the dead).
People expected to know basic prayers 'Our Father' and 'Hail Mary' in Latin as well as know the 10 commandments and the Creed.
Required to attend church on Sunday and major feast days.
MASS
Ritual re-enactment,
Christ’s sacrifice on the cross
, and of
Jesus’s actions at the Last Supper,
when he gave bread and wine to his disciples telling them,
‘this is my body … this is my blood
Transubstantiation
Requiem Mass
was used for souls of the dead to cleanse their souls of sin with flames. (
Purgatory
)
Beyond the Parish
Church courts dealt with sexual offences (adultery, fornication) but were seen to abuse their power by random citations, huge fees and removing people from Christian Society.
Saints Christian role models but also had supernatural powers. (own specialization)