animal husbandry

Management Of Farms & Farm Animals

Dairy

resistance to disease

adequate feeding good quality

clean and good hygiene

regular inspection of cattle

Poultry( birds used for food & eggs)

disease free suitable breeds

safe farm conditions

proper feed & water

good hygiene

healthcare

chickens, ducks, turkey, geese are some examples

bird flu virus

selection of good breeds with high yield

Animal Breeding- increasing yield & improving desirable qualities

Breed- group of animals related by descent and similar in characters like general appearance. features, size, configuration

Inbreeding

  • mating of closely related individuals within the same breed for 4-6 generations
  • superior males & females of same breed are identified and mated in pairs
  • superior female in cattle(cow/buffalo) produces more milk per lactation
  • superior male is the bull which gives rise to superior progeny in comparison
  • increases homozygosity
  • necessary to evolve a pureline
  • accumulation of superior genes & elimination of less desirable genes
  • continued inbreeding especially close breeding reduces fertility & productivity called as inbreeding depression. mate these with unrelated superior animals of same breed to restore fertility and yield

Out-breeding

Out crossing

Bee Keeping {APICULTURE}

maintenance of hives of honey bees for production of honey

honey has high nutritive value, medicinal value

honey bee produces beeswax used in preparation of cosmetics & polishes

practiced in areas with bee pastures of some wild shrubs, fruit orchards and cultivated crops

most common species reared is Apis indica

not labour intensive

successful bee keeping

knowledge of nature & habits of bees

selection of suitable location for hives

catching & hiving of swarms (group of bees)

management of beehives during different seasons

handling & collection of honey & beeswax

bees pollinate sunflower, Brassica, apple, pear, keeping beehives during flowering period increases pollination efficiency and improves yield

Fisheries

fresh water fishes

Catla

Rohu

common carp

marine fishes

Hilsa

Sardines

Mackerel

Pomfrets

Pisciculture: fishing of fishes only

Aquaculture : fishing of any aquatic animal