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Geography (Biomes (5 Main world biomes (Forest - hot, wet, abundance of…

- - - - Difference between climate and weather
        
        Climate - weather conditions prevailing in an area over a long period of time
        
        Factors affecting climate
        
        LAPDOG
        
        Prevailing winds
        
        Most frequent winds a place experiences
        
        Distance from sea
        
        Area will experience cooler temperatures in winter and warmer temperatures in summer. This is because land heats up and cools down more quickly than the sea
        
        Altitude
        
        The further from ground level you go, the cooler it gets. 1' for every 100m climbed. This is due to the higher up having less ability to retain heat
        
        Ocean currents
        
        Warm currents flow from near the equator. Cold currents flow from near the poles. Cold current makes coastal area cooler and drier.
        
        Latitude
        
        The closer the place is to the equator, the warmer the temperature. This is due to the angle of the sun
        
        Great Mountain Barriers
        
        Moist air that is forced to rise will condense into clouds and precipitation will occur. Beyond the high land, the now dry air will descend causing a dry 'rain shadow' area
        
        Weather - weather conditions prevailing in an area over a short period of time
      - Factors affecting soil
        
        Rainfall
        
        Temperature
        
        Bedrock (rocks)
        
        Amount of vegetation
  - - - European Settlement
      - New species of animals and plants
      - Irrigation
      - Land clearing
      - Draining of wetlands
- - - - Examples: Rocks and minerals, landforms, soils, animals, plants, water, atmosphere
  - - - Examples: Population, settlements, economic activities, transportation, recreational activities, religion and politics
- - - - Land degradation
      - Salinity
      - Loss of Biodiversity
- - - - Humans have used innovative technology to modify water, climate, soils, land and crops
    - - Irrigation
        
        Artificial application of water to land
        or soil to supplement natural rainfall
        
        Flood Irrigation: where water is distributed over soil surface by gravity. Most common type of irrigation
        
        Modern Irrigation: these methods include computer-controlled drip systems that deliver precise amounts of water to a plant’s root zone.
      - Greenhouses
        
        Also known as glasshouses. They are used for growing flowers, vegetables, fruits and tobacco
        
        Greenhouses provide an artificial biotic environment to protect crops from heat and cold and to keep out pests
      - ways to describe climate
        
        cool wind, high rainfall
        
        low rainfall, minimal winds
        
        no rainfall, extreme temperatures
        
        cool temperature, high rainfall
    - - Fertilisers are organic or inorganic materials that are added to soils to supply one or more essential plant nutrients
      - Fertilisers are organic or inorganic materials that are added to soils to supply one or more essential plant nutrients
    - - People change landscapes in order to produce food. Land can be flattened, steep slopes terraced, or stepped, and wetlands drained
      - Land reclamation is the process of creating new land from seas, rivers or lakes.
      - It can involve turning previously unfarmed land, or degraded land, into arable land by fixing major deficiencies in the soil’s structure, drainage or fertility.