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Agriculture and Food Management (Special features of Indian agriculture,…
Agriculture and Food Management
Special features of Indian agriculture
Form the monetary point of view the share of the agriculture sector in the economy remains at 14.1% of the GDP
Share of agriculture has been falling in the country's gross income, while the industrial and service sectors shares have been on a rise constantly. But from the point of view still 55% people of India depend on the agriculture sector
Agriculture is not only the biggest sector of the economy, but also the biggest private sector too. It is the only profession which still carries no burden of individual income tax
This is the biggest unorganised sector of Economy accounting for more than 90% share in the total unorganized labour force
India has emerged as a significant agri exporter in a few crops viz. कॉटन, rice oil meat, pepper, sugar etc.
Productivity gap
between on the field and ideal farm practice decreasing
Nearly 66% of the cropped area in the economy still depends on the uncertainty of monsoon for their irrigational requirements
Crop production in India remained to be considered, by and large, a
subsistence
rather
commercial activity
Land reform
Phase 1
Objectives
Removing institutional discrepancies of the agrarian structure inherited from the past which obstructed increasing agricultural production
Eliminating the socio economic inequality
Increasing agricultural production
Steps taken
Abolition of intermediary
Tenancy reforms
Regulations of rent
Ownership right to tenants
Reorganisation of agriculture
Redistribution of land among the landless poor masses after promuglating timely
ceiling laws
this move failed badly with few exceptions, such as WB, Kerala and partially in Andhra
Consolidation of land which could only succeed in the regions of the green revolution and remained marred with many loopholes and corruption
Cooperative farming, which has a high socio-economic moral base, was only used by the big farmers to save their lands from the draconian ceiling laws
Reason of failure
Land in India is considered a symbol of social prestige, status and identity unlike the other economies which succeeded in their land reform programmes where it is seem as just an economic assets for income earning
Lack of political will which was required to affect land reform and make it a successful programme
Rampant corruption in public life, political hypocrisy and leadership failure in the Indian democratic system
Phase 2
Introduction of NLRMP
The National Land Records Modernisation Programme, started in 2008, aims at updating and digitizing land records by the end of the 12th FYP