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Civilising Mission: Morocco 1912 (What specific events led to the…
Civilising Mission: Morocco 1912
What specific events led to the annexation of Morocco?
Death of Emile Mauchamp
Mauchamp as both symbol and symptomatic of the civilising mission
weakness of Makhzan
civil war
First Moroccan Crisis
•31•Mar•1905• Kaiser Wilhelm arrived in Tangiers
reaction to 1904 Entente Cordiale
importance of millenarian islam that focussed on the arrival of a singular (male) figure to end european exploitation
popular & successful with the people, declared German protection of Morocco against other europeans
economic dependency
Second Moroccan Crisis
How should historians assess the combination of internal and external pressures in explaining the establishment of French rule in Morocco?
What was the broader, global historical context for this annexation?
European rivalries
scramble for Africa
Morocco the only country left without direct control
German ascendancy
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unificaction
increasing colonial possessions
population growth
Franco-Prussian war 1870-1871
Entente Cordiale 1904
Britain and France agree support of each others' interests in Egypt and Morocco respectively
French anxieties
military weakness
population shrinking
colonial lobby focus on 'development' for financial benefit from 1890s onward
In specific terms, how did the French Third Republic justify the annexation of Morocco?
What was meant by the civilising mission?
assimilation
What role was played by Louis Hubert Lyautey in establishing the foundations of the French Protectorate?
based in Algeria
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ideologically colonialist
civilising mission as improving for both metropole and periphery
pacification
securing the borders = expanding area of control
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fudging communication with Paris
indirect rule
theoretically; in practice often failed
preserving & utilising indigenous power structures
association over assimilation