Dada 1914-1920
Was an international style of art
Arrived at the name by a dada method
Tristan Tzara, poet, took a French dictionary and flipped through it
Dada in French: hobby horse
In Russian: yes, yes
It was intentionally a nonsensical word
Gauguin refers to primitive non-sophisticated, non-educated, art of the untrained, insane, art of children, art of others
Tristan Tzara started dada
The movement included poets, architects, writers, artists - Dada was a movement conceived, theorized, and performed by various artists
Centers of Dada
People gathered in Zurich and New York
Zurich 1916 - Artists fled there - James Joyce, Lenin, etc.
New York - Duchamp, Picabia and Man Ray
Hannover - Kurt Schwitters
Berlin - Radical artists working in collage
What happened in Germany in 1920's and 1930's?
Debt, reparation, Weiman Republic was formed
The economy was in a terrible state and there was terrible inflation
Hitler took advantage and blamed it on the Jews
John Heartsfield made collages attacking Hitler's activity and beliefs
Hannah Hocks was also working in collage
After WW2, artists moved from Zurich to Paris
"Sainte Vièrge" by Picabia 1920 
Ink blot
Tristan Tzara: Seven Dada Manifestoes
Many artists were against WW1
Going against grammar
Marcel Duchamp 1887-1968
"Nude Descending a Staircase" 1911 
Reduced colour palette
No sense of depth
Repetitive shapes
Rejected to join the war (WW!)
Oil paint
"Bicycle Wheel" 1913 
Thought it was soothing to spin the wheel
Sculpture medium
Kinetic sculpture
Made for himself only
Unconventional because it is made up of non-traditional art materials and it's interactive
Because he thought of it, and specifically chose the materials, it is dada art
He took two things that were once useful and made them useless
Invented conceptual art
Challenging the public on what makes art artwork
Readymades: "Bottle Rack" 1914 
Anti-aesthetic
From Duchamp
Don't think of it as a beautiful object
It's the idea of making it art
"It's art because I'm selecting it, I'm giving it thought"
Doesn't want to make art that was pleasing to the eye
"3 Standard Stoppages" 1914 
Using chance in this documentation of artwork
Attacking French thinking, French philosophy
Artwork for himself
"Fountain" 1917 
Submitted for Exhibition of Independents in New York
Rejected because it wasn't considered artwork
Editorial about Fountain
Challenged on what art is, what makes art
Readymade
"L.H.O.O.Q." 1919 
Created on 400th anniversary of Mona Lisa
Attacking the French's public view and awe of the Mona Lisa
Making fun of the cathedral of art
Ruined the reputation of an iconic image
Public thought the image was close to God
"She has a hot ass"
"Bell Haleine" 1921 
Bought a cheap bottle of perfume
Had a persona as a woman
"Tu m' " 1918 
Painted rip
Trompe L'eoil effect
Not a traditional form of painting
Getting a sense between illusions and reality
"Why Not Sneeze, Rose Selavy" 1921
Closer to surrealism
Francis Picabia 1879-1953
"Homage à Cezanne" 1919 
Shock value
No meaning behind it
Insulting the bourgeoisie
Man Ray 1890-1977
"Le Cadeau" (The Gift) 1920s 
Took two things and made something useless
"Violon D'Ingres" 1924 
Bringing eroticism into dada art
Kurt Schwitters 1887-1948
Max Ernst 1893-1976
"Two Children Threatened by a Nightingale" 1924 
On the verge of surrealism
Dada Art Terms
Readymade
Assisted readymade
More fully altered
Rectified Readymade
Grey matter art
Eg. Fountain
The artist has altered by means of adding some small detail of correction such as pencil marks to the poster of Mona Lisa (L.H.O.O.Q.)
Eg. Bicycle
Retinal art
Trompe l'eoil effect
Stoppage
French for invisible mending or amended
Rip in T'um ptng de Duchamp
Inspired by the futurist
Trying to confuse you “Is that art?”
Assisted Readymade because he added writing on the side
Vandalism to an idea
click to edit